113例聋儿的助听及言语发育调查分析

目的了解0~6岁聋儿的助听、言语发育及交流情况。方法自制调查问卷表,随机对2005年2~5月在北京同仁医院耳科门诊就诊的113例双侧听力损失儿童的助听、语训、言语发育及交流能力等进行调查,并对相关数据作统计学分析。结果113例中助听器佩戴者85例(75.22%),其中,助听后语训者占51.76%(44/85),助听后无语训者占48.24%(41/85),无助听无语训者28例,占24.78%(28/113);无助听无语训者中重度聋以上23例,占82.14%(23/28)。70%的中度聋儿存在构音障碍和言语交流障碍;重度和极重度聋儿中,97.03%存在构音障碍,88.12%有不同程度的言语障碍和交流障碍。结论中-重度聋以上聋儿,无助听和无语训比例偏高,言语障碍和交流障碍较明显。加强聋儿家长对佩戴助听器和言语训练必要性的宣传和教育具有非常重要和深远的意义。

Analysis of the Hearing Aids and Speech Development of 113 Children with Hearing Loss

Objective To study the outcomes of hearing aid use, speech development and communication improvement of children with hearing loss who visited our hospital. They were between new born infants and those up to 6 years. Methods 113 children responded to the questionnaire designed at hospital for their hearing aid use,speech training, and speech development and communicate ability. Results 85(75.22%) children wore hearing aids while 28(24.78%,28/113) did not. 51.76%(44/85) cases with hearing aids also had speech training, whereas 48.24%(41/85) with hearing aids did not receive the training. 24.78% (28/113) cases neither had hearing aids nor speech training, among which 82.14%(23/28) had severe and profound hearing loss. 70% of cases were found to have articulation and speech disorders, and communication disorder in moderate hearing loss. 97.03%, 88.12% and 97.03% of the cases had articulation, speech,speech and communication disorders, respectively. Conclusion Children with severe and profound hearing loss experience greater speech and communication disorders because many of them have no hearing aids and speech training. Moderate hearing loss children are in the same condition. These results suggest that it be very important to increase public awareness and to educate parents to have their children wear hearing aids and receive speech and speech training.