武汉市不同特征居民健康素养状况调查

  目的  了解西藏居民基本知识和理念方面健康素养现状及影响因素，为提高西藏居民健康素养水平提供参考。  方法  采取分层整群抽样和pps抽样方法抽取1739名15～69岁常住居民进行问卷调查，并对西藏居民基本知识和理念方面健康素养现状影响因素进行分析。  结果  2015年西藏居民基本知识和理念方面健康素养水平为1.55 %，平均得分为（11.01 ± 4.99）分。西藏居民对“儿童接种疫苗注意事项”知晓率（75.33 %）最高，对“选购包装食品时注意事项” 知晓率（14.20 %）最低。单因素分析结果显示，不同性别、民族居民知识和理念方面健康素养得分差异无统计学意义；城市居民基本知识和理念方面健康素养得分[（12.48 ± 4.80）分]高于农村居民[（10.74 ± 4.98）分]（P < 0.001）；随文化程度提高，居民知识和理念方面健康素养得分增高（P < 0.001）；60～岁年龄组、常住人口数 ≥ 7人、农民、家庭年收入< 1万元的居民知识和理念方面健康素养得分较低（P < 0.01）。  结论  2015年西藏居民基本知识和理念方面健康素养水平较低，不同特征的居民知识和理念方面健康素养水平不同，应加强宣传和教育力度，进一步提升西藏居民健康知识知晓率。

Developing predictive models of health literacy

  Objective  To examine current situation and influencing factors of basic health knowledge and concept among adult Tibet residents and to provide references for promoting health literacy of the population.  Methods  Stratified cluster sampling and probability proportional sampling (PPS) were used to recruit 1 739 permanent residents aged 15 – 69 years for a questionnaire survey in Tibet Autonomous Region (Tibet). The status and relevant factors of basic health knowledge and concept of the participants were analyzed.  Results  Among the participants, the overall level of basic health knowledge and concept was 1.55 % and the average total score of health literacy was 11.01 ± 4.99. The participants showed the highest awareness rate (75.33%) for attentions required when a child receiving vaccination and the lowest awareness rate (14.20 %) for concerns while selecting packaged foods. The results of univariate analysis indicated that there were no significant gender and between ethnic group differences in health literacy scores among the participants (P = 0.190 and P = 0.650). The score of basic health knowledge and concept was significantly higher among the urban residents than among the rural residents (12.48 ± 4.80 vs. 10.74 ± 4.98, P < 0.001) and for all the residents the score increased with the increment of education level (P < 0.001). Significantly lower score of basic health knowledge and concept was observed among the participants aged 60 – 69 years, living in a family with 7 or more permanent members, being a farmer, and having an annual household income of < 10 000 RMB yuan (P < 0.01 for all).  Conclusion  The level of basic health knowledge and concept was low and differed by several characteristics among the adult residents in Tibet. Education on health literacy needs to be strengthened to promote the awareness of health knowledge in the population.