代谢功能障碍相关脂肪肝疾病的研究进展

非酒精性脂肪性肝病( NAFLD)作为近年来备受关注的一类慢性肝病，主要包括非酒精性脂肪变性、非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)纤维化和肝硬化等。随着对该病的不断认知，新近的共识声明认为， NAFLD的定义应由原本的排除性定义改为包含性定义，即、更准确地描述为代谢功能障碍相关脂肪肝疾病( MAFLD)，具体特点为以多种方式表现的遗传、环境和代谢因素的相互作用。然而结合近几年相关研究显示， MAFLD除与肥胖、糖尿病等密切相关外，遗传易感性、饮食模式、生活环境等多方面因素均在其发病过程中起到作用。另外有关 MAFLD的多重打击理论及相关治疗方法也在不断更新。现通过病因、发病机制、防治这三方面对 MAFLD进行阐述，以期进一步认识 MAFLD及对临床防治提供更多依据。

Research progress of metabolic dysfunction related fatty liver disease

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), as a kind of chronic liver disease that attracts much attention in recent years,mainly includes nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis and cirrhosis, etc. With the continuous rec-ognition of NAFLD, recent consensus statement suggests that the definition of NAFLD should be changed from the original exclusionaryto inclusive definition, that is more accurately described as metabolic dysfunction related fatty liver disease (MAFLD), characterized bythe interaction of genetic, environmental and metabolic factors expressed in a variety of ways. However, recent studies have shown thatin addition to being closely related to obesity and diabetes, many factors such as genetic susceptibility, diet pattern and living environ-ment all play a role in the pathogenesis of MAFLD. In addition, the multiple attack theory and related treatment methods of MAFLD areconstantly updated. Therefore, this paper will discuss the etiology, pathogenesis and prevention of MAFLD in order to provide more evi-dence for further understanding and clinical prevention and treatment of MAFLD.