高龄初产妇孕期心理健康状况调查

  目的  探讨二胎备孕妇女怀孕前的抑郁和焦虑状况及其影响因素。  方法  于2016年6 — 10月，采用抑郁自评量表和焦虑自评量表对来自江西、山东、广东三省6个城市的904名参加孕前健康检查、准备生育二胎的育龄妇女进行问卷调查。  结果  25.77 %的二胎备孕妇女有抑郁症状（轻度抑郁占18.47 %、中度抑郁占6.42 %、重度抑郁占0.88 %），13.05 %的妇女有焦虑症状（轻度焦虑占10.40 %，中度焦虑占1.99 %、重度焦虑占0.66 %）。二胎备孕妇女孕前抑郁和焦虑在不同职业和月收入上的差异有统计学意义（P < 0.001）；多因素回归分析发现，月收入和一胎性别对抑郁症状有明显影响；月收入、一胎是否剖宫产、是否有人帮忙照顾子女、一胎性别对焦虑症状有明显影响。  结论  二胎备孕妇女孕前抑郁和焦虑会受到月收入、一胎性别等因素的影响。

Preconception mental health predicts pregnancy complications and adverse birth outcomes: a national population-based study

  Objective  To explore the status and major influencing factors of preconception depression and anxiety among reproductive-age women intending to have a second child.  Methods  We conducted a questionnaire survey among 904 reproductive-age women intending to have a second child recruited from attendees of free pre-pregnancy health check at six cities in Jiangxi, Shandong, and Guangdong province between June and October 2016. Self-Rating Anxiety Scale and Self-Rating Depression Scale were adopted in the survey.  Results  Of the participants, 25.77% were identified with depression symptoms (18.47%, 6.42%, and 0.88% with mild, moderate, and severe depression symptoms) and 13.05% were identified with anxiety symptoms (10.40%, 1.99%, and 0.66% with mild, moderate, and severe anxiety symptoms), respectively. The positive proportion of depression and anxiety differed significantly by occupation and monthly income among the participants (both P < 0.001). The results of multivariate regression analysis revealed significant influences of monthly income and the gender of the first child on depression symptoms, and significant influences of monthly income, whether having cesarean delivery for the first child, whether with someone taking care of the child, and the first child's gender on anxiety symptoms in the participants.  Conclusion  The occurrence of preconception depression and anxiety is affected by monthly income and the first child's gender among reproductive-age women intending to have a second child.