城市外来务工人员的健康促进策略

目的：掌握外来务工人员的卫生KAP水平和主要的健康问题，为进一步制定健康促进策略提供依据。方法：调查采用二阶段随机抽样的方法，用自行设计的问卷共调查了365位外来务工人员的个人状况、家庭状况、卫生习惯、健康促进意识和健康知识等情况。结果：外来务工人员以青壮年为主．具有整体文化程度低。来源地集中，流动性不大。职业不稳定性和多样性，缺乏劳动保障。交流存在障碍，存在歧视现象。基本生活条件极差等社会学特征。同时存在低水平的健康知识，健康行为不良，健康参与意识薄弱．卫生服务公平性差，儿童健康问题突出等健康问题。结论：外来人员的健康促进策略应该立足社区，制定和执行有利于健康的公共政策，创建健康促进支持性环境，开展社区动员与行动，加强教育和培训．发展个人技能，提高社区卫生服务水平。

Health promotion strategies for the city migrant workers

Objective To know the migrant workers'health KAP level and the main health problems to provide basic information for making further health promotion strategies.Method The two-step random sampling was used,365 migrant workers investigated by the questionnaire designed by ourselves which included personal and family information,hygienic habits,attitude toward health promotion,health knowledge,etc.Results Most of the migrant workers were the youth with less education.They were living in very awful conditions and almost came from the same place without frequent transfer.They often changed their jobs,lacking basic labor protection and there were communication problems and social discrimination.At the same time,there were other health problems such as less health knowledge,bad hygienic habits and attitude,unfairness of health service,obvious health problem among children,etc.Conclusion As for health promotion for migrant workers,we should make and implement public health policies,establish supporting environment for health promotion,carry out publicity of health promotion in communities,promote education and training to develop personal skills and advance health service in communities.