妊娠期甲状腺疾病监测与处理

妊娠期甲状腺疾病近10年来成为内分泌学界和围产医学界临床研究的热点之一。妊娠期甲状腺疾病主要包括:甲状腺功能减退症、甲状腺功能亢进症、产后甲状腺炎、妊娠合并甲状腺结节和甲状腺癌等。妊娠期甲状腺疾病可能导致流产、早产、胎盘早剥,以及胎儿畸形、胎儿生长受限、神经发育异常等母儿不良结局。妊娠期的免疫状态、内分泌水平改变对甲状腺功能和自身免疫功能有一定的影响,及时的诊断、处理以及孕期严密的随访可以显著改善母儿预后。文章对妊娠期甲状腺疾病的监测与处理予以阐述,以指导临床实践工作。

Monitoring and management of gestational thyroid disease.

Gestational thyroid disease is one of the most popular research topics in endocrinology and perinatology.It includes hypothyroidism，hyperthyroidism，postpartum thyroiditis，gestational thyroid nodule，thyroid cancer，etc.Gestational thyroid disease could lead to adverse outcomes，such as abortion，preterm birth，placental abruption，fetal malformation，fetal growth restriction，impaired neuropsychologic development and so on.Pregnancy-related immunology and endocrine might affect thyriod function and autoimmune condition.It could significantly improve both maternal and neonatal prognosis to diagnose and treat the cases timely and to follow up closely throughout the pregnancy.This article summarized the progress on monitoring and management of gestational thyroid disease in order to guide clinical practice.