8例肛管直肠恶性黑色素瘤的临床病理分析

目的：探讨肛管直肠恶性黑色素瘤的临床表现、病理特征及免疫组化的特点。方法：回顾分析1980～2000年本院收治的8例肛管直肠恶性黑色素瘤的临床和病理资料。结果：本组男5例，女3例，男女之比为1．6：1；平均年龄58．8岁。最主要的临床症状是便血，肛门肿物，2例发生于肛管部，4例发生于齿状线，2例发生于直肠下端，肉眼呈结节状、息肉状或溃疡型，镜下形态多样，主要为上皮细胞型、梭型细胞型，7例见黑色素颗粒。结论：肛管直肠恶性黑色瘤是一种少见，恶性度极高的恶性肿瘤。S-100，HMB-45免疫组织化学染色均有助于诊断，特别是对于无色素型，且特异性高。

The clinicopathological analysis of anorectal malignant melanoma

Objective To investigate the clinical presenting symptoms, clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features of anorectal malignant melanoma. Methods The clinicopathological data about anorectal malignant melanoma in eignt patients were analysed, from 1980 to 2000 in our hospital. Results The sex ratio of male and female was 1.6:1 and the average age was 58.8 years. The main presenting symptoms were the bloody stool and palpable mass in the anus In addition, tumours were found at the anal canal of two cases, and at the dentate line of four cases and at the lower end of the rectum of two cases. With the naked eye observation the tumours appeared either nodular, or polypoidal or ulcerated shape Histological studies revealed that the tumours contained a variety of types but mainly epithelial or spindle cells However melanin granules were seen within the cells in seven cases melanin granules were seen within the cells. Conclusion Anorectal malignant melanoma is a rare and highly malignant carcinoma. The neoplastic cells showed positive reaction to the antibodies against S-100 and HMB-45 proteins, which is significant for pathological diagnosis.