军事飞行学员医学停飞疾病谱分析

目的 总结分析空军某航空大学近年军事飞行学员医学停飞病征（疾病或体征）特点,为今后军事飞行学员医学选拔和医学鉴定提供客观依据. 方法 对近年空军航空大学医学停飞的614名飞行学员按照所患疾病或病征及病征所隶属体检科室（专业）进行分类统计. 结果 614名医学停飞学员共涉及病征90余种.飞行学员停飞病征排前10位的是视力不足超标、血压超标、频发心律失常、外伤（骨折）、腰椎间盘病变、鼻中隔偏曲、慢性鼻窦炎、胆囊息肉、晕厥及其他心电图异常.医学停飞病征所涉及体检科室（专业）排序依次为眼科、内科、外科、耳鼻喉科、神经内科、心电图检查、超声检查、放射科检查和检验科检查,其中以眼科和内科病征为主,分别占全部医学停飞病征的50.00％、14.86％. 结论 导致在校军事飞行学员医学停飞的主要病征是视力不足超标、血压超标.针对飞行人员职业特点,普及航空医学教育,加强卫生监督,加强可变的功能性病征的矫治、训练,采取积极保护性的干预和心理疏导等措施,对降低在校飞行学员的医学停飞率,提高军事飞行学员的成才率具有重要意义.

Analysis on medical grounding disease spectrum in military flying cadets

Objective To analysis the characteristics of disease spectrum in grounded military flying cadets,and to provide objective basis for future selection and medical evaluation of military flying cadets.Methods Six hundred and fourteen grounded flying cadets of an Air Force aviation university were classified by diseases or sign and attributive specialtyfor statistical analysis.Results The top ten diseases that caused flying cadets grounded were abnormal vision,abnormal blood pressure,arrhythmia,trauma （fracture）,lumbar disc degeneration,nasal septum deviation,chronic sinusitis,gallbladder polyp,ground syncope,and abnormal ECG.The disease attributed specialties included ophthalmology,internal medicine,surgery,otorhinolaryngology,neurology,ECG,ultrasound examination,radiology and clinical laboratory,that sorted by the cases of disease.The ophthalmology and internal medicine diseases contributed most to the grounding and took 50.00％ and 14.86％ respectively.Conclusions The abnormal vision and abnormal blood pressure are the main causes of flying cadets grounding.Such countermeasures as popularizing education,enhancing supervision,caring variable functional diseases treatment and exercise,promoting active prevention and psychological intervention would be beneficial to reduce grounding rate in flying cadets and increase the bet of becoming pilots.