微创全髋置换术入路研究

人工髋关节置换术（THA）自问世来，因其较好的临床效果，已被证明是一项成熟的外科技术。然而常规术式切口长、创伤大、关节功能恢复时间久以及术后遗留瘢痕影响美观，易延缓康复、增加病人心理负担。如何进一步减小创伤、减少并发症、促进病人早日康复是许多骨科学者面临的问题。近年来逐步发展的微创髋关节置换术（mini—THA）通过改进手术入路、运用特殊的手术器具，在一个（或两个）较小的切口内精细完成全髋关节假体置换，已受到越来越多骨科医师及病人的关注。本文就不同手术入路做综合概述。

SURGICAL APPROACHES OF MINI-TOTAL HIP ARTHROPLASTY

Total hip arthroplasty （THA） has been proved mature for its curative effect since coming out. Meanwhile, the large cut of former routine approaches has always caused a huge damage of related tissues intraoperatively as well as a ugly scar postoperatively which not only lead to a long time for recovery but also a heavy mental burden because of the cosmetic defect. Therefore how to reduce damage of the cut, decrease complications perioperatively and promote a faster recovery has remained a problem for orthopedic field. Currently, mini-THA has arisen public attention from both operators and the operated which combines ameliorated surgical approaches, special instruments and one or two modified smaller cuts through which joint gets replaced and prosthesis implanted accurately. The purpose of this review is to describe the different approaches and effects of mini-THA that have been gradually developed at present.