38年来基层医院乳腺癌外科治疗状况

目的动态分析38年来乳腺癌手术临床流行病学的特征变迁。方法用我院1970年～2007年乳腺癌住院病例622例分析，按4个年段进行统计，了解乳腺癌外科治疗发展情况。结果乳腺癌病例数明显上升，发病年龄高峰前移，中位发病年龄从1970年的56．0岁下降到2007年的49．0岁；青年人患病率从20世纪70年代的5．3％上升到2000年后的22．3％（P〈0．05）；老年人患病率从上世纪70年代的23．7％下降到2000年后的9．8％（P〈0．01）；〉4cm肿瘤在20世纪70年代占34．2％，2000年后占31．1％（P〈0．05）。腋淋巴结转移率在上世纪70年代占81．6％，90年代后占69．1％（P〉0．05）。结论乳腺癌发病呈明显上升的趋势，青年人发病上升，发病年龄高峰前移，但中、晚期肿瘤格局无改变。传统根治术比例下降，改良根治术上升。

Analysis of Statical Treatment Patients with Breast Cancer in Primary Level Hospital in 38 Years

Objective To analyze the dynamic changes in clinical epidemiologyof the breast cancer in 38 years. Methods 622 patients with breast cancer from 1970 to 2007 were collected according to four age groups in statistics in order to investigate the development stated of surgical treatment of breast cancers. Results The number of breast cancer patients is obviously increased, the peak age become forward, a median age in 1970 is 56.0 years old and in 2007 it dropped to 49.0 years old; the prevalence rate of young people goes up from 5.3% of 1970s to 22.3% after 2000 (P<0.05); the prevalence rate of the elderly drop from 23.7% of 1970s to 9.8% after 2000 (P<0.01); and the > 4CM tumor in 1970s accounted for 34.2 percent, and in 2000, accounted for 31.1 (P<0.05). Lymphatic metastasis were from 81.6% to 69.1%( P>0.05). Conclusion The incidences of breast cancer have increasing trend, the prevalence rate of young people goes up, the peak age become forward, but there are no changes in medium-term and late-term tumor patients. The ratio of the traditional mastectomy is decreasing and the modern mastectomy is increasing.