舰员航行中心理—生理综合卫生保障措施的研究

目的 为了解航行时存在的心理—生理卫生学问题,如单调性(感觉、知觉缺乏,重复动作)、运动不足、生理节律紊乱,缓解精神疲劳,促进心理健康,进行了心理—生理综合卫生保障措施研究。方法 舰员30人,分成两组,实验组15人,对照组15人。采取的措施:航行期对实验组舰员实施一套体能锻炼的训练方案,进行心理健康的宣传教育和咨询;对照组未实施体能锻炼的训练方案,没有接受心理健康的宣传教育和咨询。指标:心理的疲劳问卷(睡眠情况、症状自评量表及疲劳症状),体能测试(引体向上、立定跳远、100 m跑、背肌力、左右手握力)。结果 航行5 d后,对照组舰员症状自评量表的总分和多项因子分高于实验组和国人常模,相差显著;疲劳症状问卷评分的总分和各因子分高于实验组,相差显著;睡眠情况及体能测试指标与实验组相比相差不显著。结论 开展体能锻炼进行心理健康宣传教育和咨询,有益于提高舰员的心理健康水平,缓解精神疲劳,表现为心理和疲劳问卷指标得分的改善。

Hygienic measures in promoting physio - psychological health of warship crew during voyage

Objective To investigate the phsio - psychological health problems, such as monotony (feeling, sensation deficiency, repeated motion), motion deficiency, and disorder in circadian rhythm. And to relieve mental fatigue and promote phsio - psychological health in warship crew during navigation. Methods Thirty seamen were divided into two groups (experiment and control) , and each contains 15 seamen. During the voyage, the experiment group, not the control group, was physical trained and received psychological counseling. The symptom checklist, the psychological fatigue questionnaire, a sleep questionnaire, and several physical fitness measures were evaluated. Results The scores of the symptom checklist and psychological fatigue questionnaire in the control group were higher than that in the experiment group after 5 days voyage, while there were no significant difference of sleep quality and physical fitness between two groups. Conclusion It is good for warship crew to take measures such as physical training and psychological counseling during navigation in relieving mental fatigue and promoting phsio - psychological health.