2008年西藏碘盐监测结果分析

目的 了解西藏食用盐覆盖情况和质量,为下一步碘缺乏病的防治工作提供科学依据.方法 按照<精制盐工业主要产品取样方法>,2008年在西藏碘盐加工企业,取1个批次15份盐样检测盐碘;在每个县(市、区)的东、南、西、北、中5个方位各抽取1个乡(镇、街道),如果监测县所辖不足5个乡数则每个乡均进行抽样;每个乡(镇、街道)随机抽取4个行政村(居委会),每个行政村抽取15户居民,抽取住户食用盐盐样检测盐碘.结果 共检测碘盐加工厂1个,1个批次的15份盐样全部合格,盐碘为(34.6±1.58)mg/kg;共监测居民食用盐样21 107份,其中碘盐11 203份,碘盐覆盖率为53.08%.其中西藏山南地区碘盐覆盖率94.31%(3395/3600)最高,那曲、昌都、阿里地区较低,分别为29.84%(897/3006)、24.94%(823/3300)、17.08%(205/1200).结论 西藏的碘盐质量符合国家要求,但碘盐覆盖率整体水平较低;建议继续按国家要求实行以食盐加碘为主、投服碘油丸为辅的综合防治策略.

Data analysis of iodine level in iodized salt from monitoring sites in Tibet in 2008

Objective To know the quality of iodized salt and the current situation of the salt coverage in Tibet,and to provide scientific basis for proposing proper prevention and control measures to Iodine dificiency disorders(IDD). Methods In 2008, according to the "Sampling Methods of the Main Products in the Salt Industry",one batch fifteen salt samples were collected in iodized salt processing factory in Tibet. Five townships were chosen in each county based on 5 different directions of east, south, west, north and center. If the monitoring county has less than five townships, then all of the townships were sampled. In each township, four villages were selected withrandom sampling and importance sampling. In each township, 15 households were selected for salt collection. Results A batch of 15 salt samples in a salt processing plant were tested, and all of them were qualified with salt iodine(34.6±1.58) mg/kg. A total of 21 107 edible salt samples were tested, and 11 203 of them were qualified iodized salt. These results meant that the provincial iodized salt coverage rate was 53.08%. Shannan iodized salt coverage rate was 94.31% (3395/3600) which was the highest in Tibet. Those of Nagqu, Changdu, Ngari were lower, they were 29.84% (897/3006), 24.94% (823/3300) and 17.08% (205/1200), respectively. Conclusions The quality of iodized salt in Tibet is up to the national standard, but the coverage rate of iodized salt is very low.We suggest that the strategy should be carried out according to the national overall program strategy and supplement iodized oil capsule for special groups.