肺移植免疫抑制剂应用研究进展

肺移植是目前终末期肺疾病的一种可被广泛接受且有效的治疗手段。近几十年来,随着肺移植手术量的增加,患者手术适应证不断扩大,肺移植术后的存活率也在逐渐升高,这不仅是因为手术技术的进步,有效的免疫抑制治疗也是关键因素。各种新型免疫抑制剂的出现,不仅提高了免疫抑制治疗的疗效,而且大大减少了不良反应的发生。本文主要从诱导免疫治疗、维持免疫治疗和抗排异治疗等方面,梳理肺移植患者不同阶段免疫抑制剂应用情况、药理机制、药效结果以及治疗药物监测等最新研究进展。

Advances of Application of Immunosuppressant for Lung Transplantation

Lung transplantation is a widely accepted and effective treatment for end-stage lung disease.In recent decades,with the increase in the number of lung transplants,the surgical indications of patients are in an increasing trend,and the survival rate after transplantation has gradually increased.These successes are not only due to advances in surgical techniques,but effective immunosuppression is also the key success factor.The emergence of various new immunosuppressive drugs improves the immune efficacy,and greatly reduces the occurrence of adverse drug reactions.This paper reviews the latest research advances in the application of immunosuppressant at different stages of lung transplantation,pharmacological mechanisms,efficacy results,and monitoring of therapeutic drugs from the aspects of induced immunotherapy,maintenance immunotherapy and anti-rejection therapy.