乳腺癌改良根治术后患者自我管理的现状调查

目的:调查乳腺癌改良根治术后患者自我管理行为的现状,了解其自我管理需求。方法:采用一般情况调查表和癌症自我管理能力测评表,对宁夏某肿瘤医院首次确诊的126例乳腺癌改良根治术后患者进行随访调查,采用重复性测量方差分析比较乳腺癌改良根治术患者手术后14天、术后1个月、术后3个月的自我管理现况。结果:乳腺癌改良根治术患者术后14天、术后1个月、术后3个月自我管理总分分别是（165.06±33.39）分、（175.56±28.67）分、（163.50±34.02）分;其中日常生活管理、心理管理、与医护人员的沟通、信息的管理、自我效能感呈先上升后下降的趋势;症状管理呈逐步上升的趋势;自我管理总分及各维度得分在术后14天、术后1个月、术后3个月比较差异具有统计学的意义（P＜0.05）。结论:乳腺癌改良根治术后患者不同治疗阶段自我管理水平呈动态变化,护理人员应根据其变化趋势以及相关因素,为患者提供相应的健康管理措施,帮助患者提高其自我管理水平,改善其生活质量。

Investigation on the status quo of self-management in breast cancer patients affter radical mastectomy

Objective:To investigate the status quo of self-management behavior of breast cancerpatients affter radical mastectomy and to understand their self-managementrequirements. Methods: A total of 126 postoperative patients who were diagnosedwith breast cancer first in Ningxia cancer hospital were followed up by using generalcondition questionnaire and cancer self-management ability evaluation table.Repeated-measures variance analysis was used to compare the self-managementstatus of breast cancer patients at 3 time points: day 14, 1 month and 3 monthsafter surgery. Results: The mean scores of self-management were 165.06±33.39,175.56±28.67, 163.50±34.02 atday 14, 1 month and 3 months after operation, respectively. The daily lifemanagement, psychological management, communication with medical staff,information management and self-efficacy showed an increasing-decreasing trend.There was a gradually increasing trend for the symptom management. The meanscores of self-management and the total scores of all dimensions weresignificantly different at the 3 time points after operation(P＜0.05). Conclusion: The self-management level of patients affter radical mastectomy with breast cancershowed dynamic variation at different stages after operation. The nursing staffshould provide corresponding health management measures for patients per theirvariation trend and related factors, so as to help patients improve theirself-management level and the subsequent quality of life.