Differences in skeletal and non-skeletal factors in a diverse sample of men with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Epidemiology, New England Research Institutes, Inc., Watertown, MA, USA;2. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA;1. Department of Emergency, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen 361004, Fujian, China;2. Department of Endocrinology, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen 361004, Fujian, China;1. Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel;2. Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel;3. Department of Physiology, Haifa, Israel;4. The Sohnis Family Stem Cells Center, Haifa, Israel;5. The Rappaport Family Institute for Research in the Medical Sciences, Haifa, Israel;1. Department of Nephrology, Qi-Lu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong Province 250012, People’s Republic of China;2. Department of Geriatrics, Qi-Lu Hospital of Shandong University, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Shandong Province 250012, People’s Republic of China;1. Department of Ophthalmology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan;2. Omachi Municipal General Hospital, Omachi, Japan;1. Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University; Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Hospital, Düsseldorf, Germany;2. Lilly Deutschland GmbH, Medical Department, Bad Homburg, Germany;3. Lilly Deutschland GmbH, Global Statistical Sciences, Bad Homburg, Germany;4. Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Johannes Gutenberg Universität, Mainz, Germany |
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| Abstract: | AimsPatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have increased fracture risk yet higher bone mineral density (BMD), but data are inconsistent in men. We compared skeletal and non-skeletal (e.g., muscle mass, strength) factors in men with/without T2DM.MethodsCross-sectional study of 1137 Boston men 30–79 years in the Boston Area Community Health/Bone Survey. Diabetes status was self-reported, and BMD and body composition were measured by DXA, and grip strength by hand dynamometer. Physical function was assessed by walking speed and chair stands. Multivariable linear regressions examined associations of T2DM with skeletal/non-skeletal factors.ResultsMean age was 48 years. The population was 24.6% Black, 13.0% Hispanic, and 62.4% White. Prevalence of T2DM was 12.5%; average disease duration was 7.4 years. While subjects with T2DM did not differ in skeletal factors (e.g., BMD), they had significantly lower appendicular lean mass mean difference (MD) = ? 1.04 kg; standard error (SE) = 0.50; p = 0.04], arms lean mass (MD = ? 0.42 kg; SE = 0.15; p = 0.006) and grip strength (MD = ? 3.02 kg; SE = 1.25; p = 0.025) after adjustment for age, race/ethnicity, and BMI.ConclusionsMen with T2DM have lower muscle mass and strength, but similar BMD, compared to their non-diabetic counterparts. These differences in non-skeletal factors might explain, at least in part, the higher incidence of falls and fractures observed in T2DM patients. |
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