No association of dietary fiber intake with inflammation or arterial stiffness in youth with type 1 diabetes |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Nutrition, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA;2. Departments of Nursing and Biostatistics, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA;3. Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, The University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA;4. Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA;5. Department of Epidemiology, The University of Colorado School of Public Health, Denver, CO, USA;6. Department of Biostatistics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA;7. Cincinnati Children''s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA;8. Department of Medicine, The University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA;9. Department of Research & Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, USA;10. Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, The University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA;11. Department of Medicine, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA |
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| Abstract: | AimTo examine the association of dietary fiber intake with inflammation and arterial stiffness among youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D) in the US.MethodsData are from youth ≥ 10 years old with clinically diagnosed T1D for ≥ 3 months and ≥ 1 positive diabetes autoantibody in the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study. Fiber intake was assessed by food frequency questionnaire with measurement error (ME) accounted for by structural sub-models derived using additional 24-h dietary recall data in a calibration sample and the respective exposure-disease model covariates. Markers of inflammation, measured at baseline, included IL-6 (n = 1405), CRP (n = 1387), and fibrinogen (n = 1340); markers of arterial stiffness, measured approximately 19 months post-baseline, were available in a subset of participants and included augmentation index (n = 180), pulse wave velocity (n = 184), and brachial distensibility (n = 177).ResultsMean (SD) T1D duration was 47.9 (43.2) months; 12.5% of participants were obese. Mean (SD) ME-adjusted fiber intake was 15 (2.8) g/day. In multivariable analyses, fiber intake was not associated with inflammation or arterial stiffness.ConclusionAmong youth with T1D, fiber intake does not meet recommendations and is not associated with measures of systemic inflammation or vascular stiffness. Further research is needed to evaluate whether fiber is associated with these outcomes in older individuals with T1D or among individuals with higher intakes than those observed in the present study. |
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