| Affiliation: | 2. Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Section, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA;3. Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA;2. Department of Anesthesiology, Wayne State University/Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, MI;2. Department of Anesthesiology, University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia, PA;2. University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, FL;3. Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Cardiac Surgery Clinic, Grenoble University Hospital, Grenoble, France;4. Cardiothoracic and Vascular Section, Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.M.J.L. is a cardiac anesthesia fellow |
