汶川地震早期救援官兵心理应激特点及相关因素

目的探讨汶川地震早期救援官兵心理应激特点及相关因素,为制定救援官兵心理干预措施提供科学依据。方法采用整群抽样和自编一般情况问卷、创伤后应激反应症状自评量表(PCL-C)、领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)、应对方式问卷(SCSQ)对752名汶川地震早期救援官兵进行测评,结合半结构式访谈,确定急性心理应激障碍(ASD)组和对照组,对相关因素进行spearman分析。结果(1)汶川地震早期救援官兵心理应激障碍发生率为15.0%;(2)救援官兵心理应激反应的主要症状有7个:强烈的心理痛苦烦恼,反复闯入性痛苦性回忆,噩梦,睡眠障碍,创伤事件场景的重现,兴趣下降,烦躁不安和暴怒;(3)在解决问题、求助、主客观社会支持和对社会支持利用度等因子上,ASD组得分显著低于对照组(P0.01),而在幻想、退避、自责、合理化因子上,ASD组的得分显著高于对照组(P0.01);(4)解决问题、求助、社会支持总分和主客观支持分与PCL-C总分和3个因子分(创伤再体验,麻木与回避,警觉性增高)呈负相关,自责、幻想、退避因子与ASD总分和3个因子分呈正相关。结论救援官兵的急性心理应激障碍发生率较高,与应对方式、社会支持相关。

ACUTE STRESS DISORDER AND RELATED FACTORS IN RESCUE SOLDIERS DURING EARLY COMBATING EARTHQUAKE IN WENCHUAN

Objective To investigate the occurrence circumstance of acute stress disorder (ASD),clinical features and related factors in rescue soldiers gone to Weichuan to combat the earthquake,so as to provide a scientific basis for psychological intervention.Methods The self-general questionnaire,post-traumatic stress symptoms self-rating scale (PCL-C),perceived social support scale (PSSS),coping style questionnaires (SCSQ),and semi-structured interviews were used to investigate 752 subjects and to determine the ASD...