浙江省1999～2004年新诊断儿童1型糖尿病流行病学特征及血脂水平

目的 探讨浙江省新诊断儿童1型糖尿病（DM）患儿流行病学特征及血脂特点。方法对1999年1月1日～2004年12月31日住院且为首次发病的101例1型DM患儿的年龄发病时间、出生时间、酮症酸中毒（DKA）及血脂特点进行回顾性分析。结果2004年新诊断的1型DM病人与总住院人数之比高于1999年；男童中12岁以上组病例所占同性别比例高于同年龄组女童（27．5％vs4．9％）.新诊断1型DM患儿出生于10月份至次年1月份者多于2～5月份出生者，同期发病的病例与总住院人数之比也明显升高。新诊断病例DKA组血糖和糖化血红蛋白（HbAlc）较非DKA组明显升高。两组总胆固醇（TC）和三酰甘油（TG）有显著性差异。血脂异常组与血脂正常组并DKA的比率有显著性差异，两组血糖、HbAlc和住院时间差异有显著性。结论儿童1型DM与总住院人数之比早逐年上升趋势；其发病可能与青春发育有关。初发1型DM患儿的DKA发生率又有回升。1型DM患儿TC、TG与血糖和HbAlc水平相关。

Characteristics of Epidemic and Serum Lipid in Childhood Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Diagnosed from 1999 to 2004 in Zhejiang Province

Objective To analyze the characteristics of epidemiology and serum lipid at first diagnosis in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus(DM) in Zhejiang province.Methods The cases of type 1 DM first diagnosed in our hospital were collected from 1999 to 2004;the characteristics of epidemiology and serum lipid recorded were analyzed.Results The newly diagnosed cases of type 1 DM in our hospital went up gradually year by year,and there were difference in the number of cases older than 12 years between girls and boys.There were differences in the number of cases between those born and at onset from October to January compared with those born and the onset from February to May.The incidence of diabetic ketoacidosis(DKA) was 42%,dyslipidemia was more prevalent in DKA group than non-DKA group.There were significant differences in blood sugar,HbAlc and period of hospitalization between the dyslipidemia cases and non-DKA cases.Conclusions The composition ratio of childhood type 1 DM in our hospital goes up gradually.The average age of girls at(dia)-gnosis is one year ahead of boys.The onset of childhood type 1 DM is correlated with purarche.Coldness may involve in the onset of childhood type 1 DM.The incidence of DKA at diagnosis also ascendes,dyslipidemia in type 1 DM children at onset is correlated with the values of blood sugar,HbAlc.