新生儿重症监护病房医院感染肺炎克雷伯菌耐药性与同源性分析

目的：对新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）医院感染病例的临床及环境采样标本进行病原学分离培养和鉴定，测定菌株对常用抗菌药物的耐药性及其同源性，为控制肺炎克雷伯菌院内感染暴发流行提供科学依据。方法：临床及环境采集标本中分离的7株肺炎克雷伯菌，采用VITEK2COMPACT全自动微生物分析系统进行耐药性测定，并进行脉冲场凝胶电泳（PFGE）基因分型，明确其同源性。结果：除7号菌株外，另6株肺炎克雷伯菌均为多重耐药菌，且PFGE分析具有同源性。结论：NICU病房临床分离的7株肺炎克雷伯菌中有6株具有同源性，证实是一次院内感染暴发流行，环境污染和接触传播是造成此次感染的主要途径。因此采取及时有效的消毒隔离措施，对控制医院感染暴发流行具有重要意义。

Antibiotic Resistance and Homology of Klebsiella Pneumoniae in Hospital-Acquired Infections in the NICU

Objective： To isolate and identify clinical and environmental specimens from the NICU hospital-acquired infections, to determinate the sensitivity of the strains to commonly used antibiotics and its homology, and to provide a scientific basis for the control of nosoeomial outbreak of Klebsiella pneumoniae infection. Methods： Antibiotic resistance were detected from seven strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from clinic and environment by using VITEK2 compact automated microbial analysis system; genotyping was performed with PFGE to define homology. Results： Except the strain of No. 7, other six strains of Klehsiella pneumoniae were muhi- resistant, and PFGE showed they had homology. Conclusions： Six Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated from clinic and environment were homologous, which suggested there might be an outbreak of nosocomial infection. Environmental pollution and contact transmission were the main mediums of this infection. It is significant to take measures in disinfection and isolation timely and effectively for the eontrol of nosocomial infection outbreaks.