肺表面活性物质治疗新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征随访调查

目的：观察肺表面活性物质（PS）治疗新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征（NRDS）的疗效及其对患儿体格发育和肺功能的影响。方法：将160例NRDS患儿根据是否应用Ps治疗分为观察组120例和对照组40例。两组采用相同常规药物及呼吸机治疗，观察组在此基础上加用Ps治疗。两组分别于生后3、6、9个月和1、2、6岁进行体格发育随访，于6岁时检测肺功能，并将随访结果进行比较。结果：（1）观察组平均呼吸机使用时间和平均住院时间分别为（46．5±13．2）h和（26．8±12．5）d，对照组分别为（69．8±27．7）h和（42．6±18．2）d，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。（2）生后3个月观察组平均身高、体重、头围分别为（57．2±2．6）cm、（4．76±0．45）kg、（38．6±1．3）cm，对照组分别为（56．1±2．4）cm、（4．35±O．37）kg、（38．1±1．6）cm，两组比较差异有统计学意义（t分别为2．36、2．78、2．81，P均〈0．05）；但该三项在患儿出生6个月以后的随访结果组间比较差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。（3）观察组有26例、对照组有16例出现反复呼吸道感染，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。（4）6岁时观察组最大呼气中段流量为（1．6±0．3）L／s，对照组为（1．4±0．2）L／s，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：Ps治疗NRDS可缩短患儿呼吸机使用时间和住院时间，改善早期体格发育和肺功能，是提高NRDS患儿生存质量的有效方法。

Follow-Up of the Pulmonary Surfactant Therapy for Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Objective： To observe the effect of pulmonary surfactant （PS） therapy on the long-term growth development and the lung function in children with neonatal respiratory distress syndrome （NRDS）. Methods： One hundred and sixty neonates with NRDS were divided into an observation group （n = 120 ） and a control group （n = 40）. The two groups were treated with the same routine drugs and ventilator therapy, while PS was added to the observation group. The physical development of the two groups were checked at the age of three month, six month, nine month, one year, two years and six years, and the lung function was measured at the age of six years. Results： （ 1 ） The length of the mechanical ventilation and the hospital stay in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group （P〈0.05）. （2） The height, weight and head circumference of the observation groups were higher than those in the control group （P〈 0.05 ）, and there were no significant differences on the three indexes between the two groups after six month （P〉0.05）. （3） Twenty-six cases in the observation group had recurrent respiratory infection, and sixteen in the control group; there was a significant difference between the two groups （P〈0.05）. （4） There was a significant difference in the maximum mid-expiratory flow between the two groups at six years of age （P〈0.05）. Conclusions： PS could improve the long-term physical level and lung function in NRDS infants, and it is effective to improve the life quality.