胸部CT、纤维支气管镜及痰脱落细胞学检查在中央型肺癌中的诊断价值

目的探讨胸部CT、纤维支气管镜和痰脱落细胞学检查三种方法，用于中央型肺癌的诊断价值。方法凹顾性分析我院120例经病理学确诊的中央型肺癌患者的临床资料，所有病例均行胸部CT、纤维支气管镜和痰脱落细胞学检查，通过比较三种方法的诊断符合率来评价其对中央型肺癌的诊断价值。结果胸部CT、纤维支气管镜和痰脱落细胞学检查的诊断符合率分别为87．5％、91．7％和40．8％，纤维支气管镜诊断符合率最高，胸部CT其次，痰脱落细胞学检查最低，三组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），三种方法联合的诊断符合率为100．0％，组织学类型以鳞癌、低分化癌多见，分别为62．5％和15．8％。结论在中央型肺癌患者的诊断中，纤维支气管镜价值最大，诊断符合率高，胸部CT和痰脱落细胞学检查可作为很好的补充方法，三种方法联合使用可显著提高诊断符合率。

The diagnosis value of chest CT, bronchoscopy and sputum cytology for central lung cancer

Objective To investigate the diagnosis value of chest CT, bronchoscopy and sputum cytology for central lung cancer. Methods A retrospective analysis of clinical data of 120 cases in our hospital with central lung cancer confirmed by pathology. All patients were received chest CT, bronchoscopy and sputum cytology. The diagnostic rate of three methods were compared to evaluate the diagnosis value for central lung cancer. Results The diagnostic rate of central lung cancer by chest CT, bronchoscopy and sputum cytology were 87.5%, 91.7% and 40.8%. the diagnosis co- incideduce rate of fiber bronchoscope was highest, the chest CT, exfoliative cell examination of sputum was lowest, differences were statistically signifincant（P 〈 0.05）. The diagnostic rate of three methods combined was 100.0%. In the organization histological type, squamous cell carcinoma and poorly differentiated carcinoma were more common, of 62.5% and 15.8% respectively. Conclusion In the diagnosis value of central lung cancer, fiberoptic bronchoscopy has the maximum value. Its diagnosis rate was the highest. Chest CT and sputum cytology could be used as the good com- plementary approaches. The three methods combined can significantly improve the diagnosis rate.