手术室老年患者术中压疮危险因素及护理人员压疮认知调查

目的分析研究手术室老年患者术中压疮危险吲素，调查手术室护理人员压疮认知情况。方法选择1193例手术患者，采用Braden压疮危险评估表进行术前评估，统计胝疮发生情况，分为压疮组和对照组，比较两组患者的临床资料，采用压疮认知涮查表调查手术室护理人员压疮认知情况。结果185例手术患者（15．51％）发生压疮，压疮组和对照组的年龄、体重指数、Braden评分、空腹血糖、血清总蛋白、手术体位、手术时间、术巾低血雎时间、术巾低血氧时问、术中出血量比较，差异有统计学意义（P均〈0．05）。体重指数、手术时间、术中出血量与术中压疮呈正相关，Braden评分与术中压疮呈负相关，均是术中发生压疮的独立危险因素（P均〈0．05）。学历与压疮诊断认知程度有关，年资和学历与术巾危险因素认知程度有关，年资和职称与术中压疮风险评估、术巾压疮防范、术中压疮观察和处置认知程度有关（P均〈0．05）。结论患者体重、Braden评分、手术时间及出血量与手术室发生压疮密切相关，护理人员年资、学历和职称与胝疮认知程度有关，制定针对性危险冈素的防范措施和进行针对性的培训，将有助于提高手术室压疮预防和处置效果。

Risk factors for pressure sores of elderly patients and pressure sores cognition of nursing in operating room

Objective To study the risk factors for pressure sores of elderly patients, investigate pressure sores cogni- tion of nursing in operating room. Methods The 1193 cases of surgery,the use of pressure sores risk assessment form Braden preoperative assessment,statistical pressure sores,circumstances, into pressure sores and control groups were compared clinical data, the use of pressure sores cognitive questionnaire survey surgery chamber pressure sores nurses cognition. Results The 185 cases （15.51%） pressure ulcers,pressure sores and control groups age,body mass index,Braden score,fasting blood glucose, serum total protein, surgical position, operative time, intraoperative hy- potension time, intraoperative hypoxemia time, blood loss differences were statistically significant （P〈O.05）.Body mass index,operative time, intraoperative blood loss and pressure sores were positively correlated,Braden score and intraoperative pressure ulcers was negatively correlated with intraoperative pressure ulcers were independent risk factors （P〈0.05）.Academic and professional titles diagnosed with pressure sores master degree,seniority and qualifica- tions and intraoperative risk factors for master degree, seniority and job titles and intraoperative pressure sores risk as- sessment,intraoperative pressure sore prevention, intraoperative observation and disposal of pressure ulcers master degree （P〈0.05）. Conclusion The patient＇s weight, Braden score,operative time and blood pressure ulcers occur with closely related operating room, nurses seniority, qualifications and titles with the level of knowledge about pressure ul- cers, risk factors for development of targeted preventive measures and targeted training, will help to improve the operat- ing room pressure sores prevention and treatment effects.