大鼠嗅球切除抑郁症动物模型的改进与评价

目的改进大鼠嗅球切除(olfactory bulbectomy,OB)抑郁症动物模型的建立方法并评价模型的可行性。方法应用探针捣毁嗅球与负压吸引相结合的方法进行嗅球切除,恢复2周后分组:假手术组、嗅球切除模型组、氟西汀(10 mg.kg-1,ig,每天1次,14 d)治疗组。给药2周后通过开场实验、蔗糖饮水实验和逃避实验检测各组大鼠的行为学。结果与假手术组比较,嗅球切除模型组大鼠开场实验水平运动得分和垂直运动得分明显增多,蔗糖偏嗜度明显降低,逃避失败次数明显增多,长期氟西汀治疗能够逆转嗅球切除引起的行为学改变。结论大鼠嗅球切除后出现抑郁样行为学改变,经典抗抑郁药物治疗有效,通过改进建立了稳定的大鼠嗅球切除抑郁症动物模型及可靠的评价方法。

Improvement and evaluation of olfactory bulbectomized rats as a model of depression

Aim To explore the validity and reliabilty of olfactory bulbectomized(OB)rats as a model of depression.Methods Olfactory bulbectomy was induced by the removal of olfactory bulb using a blunt needle and a vacuum pump,2 weeks after surgery,the fluoxetine(10 mg·kg-1,ig) and vehicle were given to olfactory bulbectomized rats and sham-operated rats for 2 weeks.Then open-field activity levels,saccharose preference levels and and avoidance test were measured to olfactory bulbectomized rats and sham-operated rats.Results Olfactory bulbectomized rats exhibited higher activity levels,lower sucrose preference levels and step-down passive avoidance than sham-operated rats.Chronic fluoxetine treatment(once daily for 2 weeks)attenuated all of these OB-associated changes.Conclusion OB rats exhibited alteration in behavior,which was reversed following chronic fluoxetine administration.These results indicated that we successfully established olfactory bulbectomized rats as a model of depression.