心前静脉系统的应用解剖

目的：研究心前静脉系统属支的形态特征，为临床提供解剖学基础。方法：经10％福尔马林固定后的58例成人尸体心脏标本，在肉眼或低倍放大镜下直接解剖、观察心前静脉的各属支。结果：在58例心脏中发现有缘静脉、有心室前静脉、动脉圆锥静脉、动脉圆锥后静脉和主动脉壁静脉通过各种组合形式构成心前静脉系统，最后经壁内静脉窦注入有心房。结论：了解心前静脉系统是除了冠状窦以外心脏静脉血回流的一个正常的重要通道，对临床心血管疾病的诊治有一定帮助。

Applied anatomy of anterior cardiac veins

Objective: To provide the anatomical basis for clinical application, the morphological characteristics of the branches of anterior cardiac veins were studied. Methods: The hearts of 58 formalin fixed adult cadavers were dissected under naked eye or low power megaloscope, the branches of anterior cardiac veins were observed. Results: In all 58 hearts, the anterior cardiac veins were constituted by the right marginal vein,anterior veins of right ventricle,veins of the arterial cone, posterior vein of arterial cone and zuckerkandl vein via various combinations , and eventually drain into the right atrium via intramural venous sinuses . Conclusion: It is helpful for the clinic diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases to understand that the anterior cardiac veins is a normal and important pathway for cardiac venous blood backflow besides coronary sinus.