清远市区小学生HBV感染状况调查

目的了解清远市区小学生HBV感染情况,为乙型肝炎的防治工作提供依据。方法 2008年10—11月采用整群抽样的方法,抽取清远市区小学一年级至六年级在校学生的血样,用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）法进行乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg）、乙型肝炎表面抗体（HBsAb）检测,对检测结果进行统计分析。结果共调查16142名在校小学生,HBsAg总携带率为1.32%,且随年龄的增长呈上升趋势（P〈0.01）;HBsAb阳性率为49.57%,阳性率随年龄增长呈下降趋势（P〈0.01）;男女生HBsAg阳性率比较,差异无统计学意义,男生HBsAb阳性率45.70%,低于女生50.39%（P〈0.01）。结论清远市区小学生HBsAg携带率低于全国平均水平,HBsAb阳性率高于全国平均水平,应继续推广乙肝疫苗的加强免疫,加强乙型肝炎病毒表面抗体的检测,加大乙型肝炎的综合防治力度。

Investigation on Infection Situation of HBV among Pupils in Qingyuan City

Objective]To understand the infection status of hepatitis B virus（HBV） among pupils in Qingyuan city,provide scientific basis for prevention and control of hepatitis B.Methods]From October to November 2008,the blood samples were collected from pupils in grades 1～6 of primary schools in Qingyuan urban area by cluster sampling.HBsAg and HBsAb were detected by ELISA,and the results were analyzed statistically.Results]16 142 pupils were investigated.HBsAg carrier rate was 1.32%,and it increased with age（P0.01）.The positive rate of HBsAb was 49.57%,and it decreased with age（P0.01）.There was no significant difference between boys and girls,and the HBsAb positive rate of boys（45.70%） was lower than that of girls（50.39%） significantly（PA0.01）.Conclusion]The HBsAg carrier rate among pupils in Qingyuan urban area was lower than the national average level,and the HBsAb positive rate was higher than the national average level.Therefore,the booster immunization of hepatitis B vaccine should be generalized,the detection of HBsAb should be strengthened,and the comprehensive control for hepatitis B should be improved.