山东省5所高职院校护生老年照护择业动机现状及影响因素分析

目的 了解“1+X”证书制度下,高职护生老年照护择业动机现状,分析其影响因素。方法 采用方便抽样的方法,于2020年5月抽取山东省某5所高职院校高职护生作为研究对象。采用自制一般资料调查问卷和老年照护择业动机问卷进行调查,采用多元线性回归分析高职护生老年照护择业动机影响因素。结果 高职护生老年照护择业动机得分（3.39±0.55）分,择业动机—价值问卷得分（3.43±0.56）分,择业动机—期望问卷得分（3.32±0.65）分;多元线性回归分析结果显示,护生参与老年照护职业技能培训的意愿、对国家为推进养老服务业就业创业采取举措的了解程度、与老年人例如祖（外祖）父母]的关系亲密程度、是否有照顾老人的经历、是否看好老年照护服务领域的发展前景、是否了解我国老龄化的现状、护生认为的老年照护职业技能证书对以后就业创业的重要程度及我国对老年护理发展的重视度纳入回归方程（P<0.05）,可解释老年照护择业动机总变异的 36.8%。结论 护生老年照护择业动机处于中等偏上水平,护生参与老年照护职业技能培训的意愿、对国家为推进养老服务业就业创业采取举措的了解程度、与老年人例如祖（外祖）父母]的关系亲密程度、是否有照顾老人的经历、是否看好老年照护服务领域的发展前景、是否了解我国老龄化的现状、护生认为的老年照护职业技能对以后就业创业的重要程度及我国对老年护理发展的重视度是老年照护择业动机的主要影响因素。院校加大对“1+X”证书制度及老年照护前沿思想宣传,提升护生对老年照护职业技能证书重视度和相关信息认知度有利于增强老年照护择业动机。

Status Quo and Influence Factors of Vocational Nursing Students' Career Motivation for Gerontological Nursing

Objective To understand the current situation of senior vocational nursing students’ career motivation for gerontological nursing under the "1+X" certificate system, and analyze its influencing factors. Methods With convenience sampling, in May 2020, we selected nursing students from five higher vocational colleges in Shandong Province as the research objects. A self-made general information questionnaire and a questionnaire on career motivation for gerontological nursing were used to conduct the survey, and multiple linear regression was used to analyze the influencing factors. Results The score of career motivation for gerontological nursing of vocational nursing students was 3.39±0.55; that of career choice motivation-value questionnaire 3.43±0.56, and that of career choice motivation-expectation questionnaire 3.32±0.65. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that factors entered into the regression equation included the willingness of students to participate in vocational training for gerontological nursing, students’ understanding of national strategies to promote employment and entrepreneurship in gerontological nursing, intimacy with the elderly (such as grandparents), with experience of caring for the elderly or not, whether being optimistic about the prospect of gerontological nursing in China or not, cognition on aging in China, the importance of certificate of gerontological nursing to future employment and entrepreneurship, and the importance attached to the development of gerontological nursing (P<0.05), which explained 36.8% of the total variation of career motivation for gerontological nursing. Conclusion Nursing students’ career motivation for gerontological nursing is at the upper-middle level. The main influence factors include the willingness of students to participate in vocational training for gerontological nursing, students’ understanding of national strategies to promote employment and entrepreneurship in gerontological nursing, intimacy with the elderly(such as grandparents), with experience of caring for the elderly or not, whether being optimistic about the prospect of gerontological nursing in China or not, cognition on aging in China, the importance of certificate of gerontological nursing to future employment and entrepreneurship, and the importance attached to the development of gerontological nursing. The publicity of the "1+X" certificate system, great importance attached to certificates pertaining to gerontological nursing and more cognition for gerontological nursing are beneficial to enhancing career motivation for gerontological nursing.