粤港澳大湾区护理本科临床实践教学现状及启示

目的 比较粤港澳大湾区护理本科实践教学的优势与不足,为湾区内护理本科实践教学改革提供参考。方法 采用网络资料调查法、文献分析法与访谈法对粤港澳大湾区10所全日制护理本科院校实践教学体系进行横向比较。结果 广东高校与香港高校分别参照国标、香港护士管理局规定设立培养目标,澳门无统一标准;港澳高校较注重临床实践教学,实践课程设置体现了循序渐进的教学理念;澳门临床师资准入标准明确,具有相对完善的临床教学架构;港澳实习基地注重与社会的联系,重视学生国际视野的培养,广东高校临床资源丰富,实习护生承载量大;港澳高校实践方法与评价方式的运用始终服务于人才培养目标的实现。结论 港澳高校实践教学设置值得广东高校商榷与借鉴,三地应加强合作与交流,促进三地高等护理教育深度融合与发展。

Current Status of Practice Teaching of Nursing Undergraduates in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and Its Enlightenment

Objective To show the advantages and disadvantages of practice teaching of nursing undergraduates in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, and to provide reference for practice teaching reform for nursing undergraduates in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. Methods A horizontal comparison was made by using network data investigation, literature analysis and interview for practice teaching system for nursing undergraduates in 10 colleges of nursing in Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao. Results Training targets in accordance with the national standards were set in Guangdong nursing colleges, while Hong Kong follows the training goals set by the Hong Kong Nursing Administration, and no uniform standards were found in Macau. In Hong Kong and Macao, colleges of nursing pay more attention to practice teaching and the practical curriculum embodies the concept of step-by-step teaching; in Macau, clinical teacher admission standards were clear, showing a relatively complete clinical teaching structure; in Hong Kong and Macao, practice bases were diversified, focusing on the connection with the society and cultivation of students' international perspectives, while in universities in Guangdong, there were abundant clinical resources and a larger carrying capacity of nursing interns. Practice methods and evaluation methods in Hong Kong and Macao were always served for talent training target. Conclusion Practical teaching setting of Hong Kong and Macao provides reference for Guangdong colleges of nursing and more cooperation and exchanges with Hong Kong and Macao universities are beneficial to promoting the development and integration of higher education of nursing in the three areas.