基于肠道菌群探讨运动改善慢性便秘的可能机制

慢性便秘是常见的健康问题，也是许多高死亡率疾病的诱发因素，严重影响人类的健康和生存质量，给家庭和社会带来沉重的精神和经济负担，而目前针对慢性便秘的治疗方法疗效有限，故需寻找一种便捷、经济、有效的方法。运动在慢性便秘的预防和治疗中发挥着重要作用，并且运动可调节肠道菌群的组成，而有研究表明便秘后发生的肠道菌群紊乱使肠腔内菌群代谢物〔如短链脂肪酸（SCFA）、5-羟色胺（5-HT）〕含量降低，抑制肠道运动，加速慢性便秘的发展，提示运动、菌群与便秘三者间存在密切联系。本文就运动对便秘的调节作用、肠道菌群在便秘中的调控机制和运动对肠道菌群的影响进行综述，以此探索运动通过调节肠道菌群的组成改善慢性便秘的可能性，希望能进一步完善运动缓解便秘的作用机制。

Possible Mechanism of Chronic Constipation Improvement via Exercise-induced Changes in Gut Microbiota Composition and Metabolites

As a common health problem and an inducing factor for many diseases with high mortality rate，chronic constipation seriously affects human health and quality of life，bringing heavy mental and economic burden on families and society.However，due to limited efficacy of available treatments for chronic constipation，it is necessary to find a new，convenient，inexpensive and effective treatment.Exercise plays an important role in the prevention and treatment of chronic constipation.In addition，exercise can regulate the composition of gut microbiota，and some studies have shown that gut microbiota disorder after constipation reduces the content of gut microbiota metabolites（such as SCFA and 5-HT），inhibits intestinal movement and accelerates the development of chronic constipation，so there must be a close relationship between exercise，gut flora and constipation.This paper reviews the regulatory effect of exercise on constipation，the mechanism of gut microbiota in regulating constipation and the influence of exercise on gut microbiota，so as to explore the possibility of improving chronic constipation by exercise-induced changes in gut microbiota composition，and to further improve the mechanism of exercise in the remission of constipation.