体像障碍在整形美容外科中的认识与研究进展

体像障碍（BDD）指自身躯体外观无明显缺陷而自己臆想出丑陋畸形的痛苦心理病症，是一种扭曲认知的病态心理。有研究显示5%~15%寻求整形手术的人都患有BDD。然而，伴有BDD的患者盲目进行整形美容手术容易引发医疗纠纷。本文将对体像障碍的概念、流行病学特征、临床特点等方面进行综述，以便临床医生在诊疗过程中初步了解患者的心理状态，针对不同的患者采取个性化策略，提高术后满意度，减少医疗纠纷。

The Understanding and Research Progress of Body Dysmorphic Disorder in Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery

Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) refers to the painful psychological disorder in which the appearance of the bodyhas no obvious defects and the body imagines ugly deformity. It is a pathological psychology that distorts cognition. Studies haveshown that 5% to 15% of people who are seeking plastic surgery that have BDD. However, blind cosmetic surgery for patientswith BDD is likely to cause medical disputes. This article will review the concept, epidemiological characteristics, and clinicalcharacteristics of body dysmorphic disorder, so that clinicians can initially understand the psychological state of patients duringdiagnosis and treatment, and adopt personalized strategies for different patients to improve postoperative satisfaction and reducemedical disputes.