蛋白质棕榈酰化修饰与心血管疾病

蛋白质棕榈酰化修饰是一种广泛存在于生物体内的蛋白质翻译后脂质修饰。在大多数情况下，棕榈酸主要通过不稳定的硫酯键共价结合到蛋白质底物特定的半胱氨酸残基上，从而发生S-棕榈酰化修饰。由于硫酯键在一定的条件下会水解，引起蛋白质底物发生去棕榈酰化修饰，因此S-棕榈酰化修饰通常是可逆的。S-棕榈酰化修饰也与许多心血管疾病的发生和发展密切相关。本文综述了蛋白质棕榈酰化修饰和去棕榈酰化修饰过程，以及蛋白质棕榈酰化修饰与心律失常、动脉粥样硬化、肺动脉高压、心力衰竭和血栓性疾病等心血管疾病之间的关系，为心血管疾病的治疗提供新的方向。

Protein palmitoylation and cardiovascular disease

Protein palmitoylation is a kind of post-translational lipid modification of proteins that widely exists in organisms. Generally, S-palmitoylation occurs mainly through the covalent attachment of palmitic acid to protein-specific cysteine residues via labile thioester linkages. S-palmitoylation is usually reversible because the thioester bond will be hydrolyzed under certain conditions, causing protein depalmitoylation. In addition, S-palmitoylation is closely associated with the occurrence and development of many cardiovascular diseases. This review summarizes the process of protein palmitoylation and depalmitoylation, the relationship between protein palmitoylation and cardiovascular diseases, including arrhythmia, atherosclerosis, pulmonary hypertension, heart failure, and thrombotic diseases, which provide a new direction for cardiovascular disease treatment.