结直肠癌患者MOS基因表达情况及其与患者临床病理特征和预后的关系研究

背景　目前，结直肠癌的具体发病机制尚不完全清楚，关于MOS基因与结直肠癌生物学特征及患者预后关系的研究报道少见。目的　分析结直肠癌患者MOS基因表达情况及其与患者临床病理特征和预后的关系。方法　选取2009年10月-2019年6月在首都医科大学附属北京世纪坛医院初诊为结直肠癌并行手术治疗的患者86例作为研究对象，分析其MOS基因表达情况及其与患者临床病理特征和预后的关系。结果　结直肠癌组织MOS基因相对表达量为（4.56±2.17），高于癌旁组织的（3.12±1.65）（P<0.001）。根据结直肠癌组织MOS基因相对表达量的平均值将所有患者分为MOS高表达组（n=43）和MOS低表达组（n=43）。两组患者性别、年龄、肿瘤分化程度、淋巴结转移发生率、远处转移发生率比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；MOS高表达组患者中TNM分期为T3~4期者所占比例高于MOS低表达组（P<0.05）。MOS高表达组、MOS低表达组患者中位生存期分别为101个月〔95%CI（92.4，112.6）〕、116个月〔95%CI（105.6，128.7）〕，两组患者Kaplan-Meier生存曲线比较，差异有统计学意义（P=0.029）。Cox比例风险回归模型分析结果显示，MOS基因高表达〔HR=7.695，95%CI（1.377，43.003）〕、淋巴结转移〔HR=28.585，95%CI（1.401，583.297）〕、远处转移〔HR=47.852，95%CI（3.527，649.257）〕是结直肠癌患者预后不良的独立危险因素（P<0.05）。结论　MOS基因高表达是结直肠癌患者预后不良的独立危险因素之一；MOS基因高表达与结直肠癌浸润程度及患者预后不良相关，有可能作为结直肠癌发生、发展及预测患者预后的有价值的生物标志物，也可能成为结直肠癌患者的潜在治疗靶点。

Expression of MOS Gene and Its Correlations with Clinicopathological Features and Prognosis of Patients with Colorectal Cancer

Background　The specific pathogenesis of colorectal cancer is not completely clear at present，and there are few reports about the relationship of MOS gene with biological characteristics and prognosis of colorectal cancer patients. Objective　To examine the expression of MOS gene and its correlations with clinicopathological features and prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer. Methods　Data of 86 newly diagnosed colorectal cancer patients were selected from Beijing Shijitan Hospital，Capital Medical University from October 2009 to June 2019. The expression of MOS gene and its correlations with clinicopathological features and prognosis of colorectal cancer patients were analyzed. Results　The relative expression quantity of MOS gene was（4.56±2.17）in colorectal cancer tissues，which was significantly higher than that（3.12±1.65） in paracancerous tissues（P<0.001）. Subgroup analysis based on MOS expression found that，high and low MOS expression subgroups（stratified equally by the mean value of relative expression quantity of MOS gene）had no significant differences in gender ratio，distributions of age，cancer differentiation，prevalence of lymphatic metastasis or distant metastasis（P>0.05）. High MOS expression subgroup had much higher proportion of T3-4 colorectal cancer patients（P<0.05）. The median survival for high and low MOS expression subgroups was 101 months〔95%CI（92.4，112.6）〕and 116 months〔95%CI（105.6，128.7）〕，respectively，with significant intergroup difference in Kaplan-Meier survival curve（P=0.029）. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed that，high expression of MOS gene〔HR=7.695，95%CI（1.377，43.003）〕，lymphatic metastasis〔HR=28.585，95%CI（1.401，583.297）〕and distant metastasis〔HR=47.852，95%CI（3.527，649.257）〕were independently associated with increased risk of poor prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer（P<0.05）. Conclusion　As one of the independent risk factors of poor prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer，high expression of MOS gene may be closely correlated with the degree of colorectal cancer infiltration and prognosis，which may be a valuable predictive and prognostic biomarker，and a potential therapeutic target for colorectal cancer.