综合医院全科医学科的定位与发展策略

2018年,《国务院办公厅关于改革完善全科医生培养与使用激励机制的意见》发布,要求认定为住院医师规范化培训基地的综合医院需独立设置全科医学科。同年,国家卫生健康委员会发布了《住院医师规范化培训基地（综合医院）全科医学科设置指导标准（试行）》,综合医院全科医学科的战略定位和发展重要性日渐凸显,但如何定位和完善全科医学科建设仍然是相关领域研究者的关注焦点。本文以承担住院医师规范化培训的三级综合医院为重点,分别从学科建设、人才培养、优化医院功能和完善医院结构、未分化疾病与多病共存诊疗、分级诊疗、医院文化与品牌建设6个维度分析综合医院全科医学科的功能定位,并提出了“立足临床、强化教学、联动社区、科研提升”的发展策略,期望可以为综合医院全科医学科的加快建设和可持续发展提供参考。

General Practice Department in China's General Hospitals: Functions and Development Strategies

The Opinions of the General Office of the State Council of the People's Republic of China on Reforming and Improving Incentive-based Mechanisms to Foster and Employ General Practitioners issued in 2018,requires general hospitals accredited as a standardized residency training base to establish a general practice department independently. In the same year,the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China promulgated Guidance on the Standards for Standardized Residency Training Bases（General Hospitals） to Establish a General Practice Department（for Trial Implementation）. All these highlight the increasing importance of the strategic functions and development of general practice department in general hospitals,and how to define its functions and improve its development have become relevant researchers' core concerns. We analyzed the six functions of the general practice department mainly in tertiary general hospitals assuming the duties of training residents in a standardized way,including discipline construction,talent training, improving the functions and structure of hospital,diagnosis and treatment of undifferentiated diseases and coexistence of multiple diseases,tiered diagnosis and treatment,hospital culture and brand building,and proposed "consolidating clinical practice as the foundation of general practice development,strengthening general practice education,cooperating with the community,and enhancing general practice research" as the strategies for developing this department,hoping to provide insights into the acceleration construction and sustainable development of general practice department in general hospitals.