未婚未育年轻女性乳腺癌术后患者焦虑抑郁现状及影响因素分析

目的：探讨未婚未育年轻女性乳腺癌术后患者焦虑抑郁的现状并分析其影响因素，为制订护理干预措施提供理论依据。方法：采用目的取样法，选取天津市某3所三级甲等医院135例未婚未育年轻女性乳腺癌术后患者为研究对象，采用自行设计的一般资料调查表、简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)和医院焦虑抑郁量表(HAD)进行问卷调查，分析未婚未育年轻女性乳腺癌术后患者焦虑抑郁的影响因素。结果：135例未婚未育年轻女性乳腺癌术后患者焦虑抑郁发生率为45.2%；积极应对得分为（2.11±0.42）分，消极应对得分为（1.58±0.53）分；社会支持总分（37.53±8.21）分；Logistic回归分析显示：家庭人均月收入状况、职业、手术方式、社会支持及积极应对方式是未婚未育年轻女性乳腺癌术后患者发生焦虑抑郁的影响因素。结论：加强对家庭经济收入低、无职业、接受多次化疗、社会支持低及消极应对的未婚未育年轻女性乳腺癌术后患者的护理干预，鼓励患者采取积极应对方式，为其提供全方位、全程的个体化社会支持，降低患者焦虑抑郁的发生率。

Analysis of the status and influencing factors of anxiety and depression in the unmarried and childless young women after breast cancer surgery

Objective: To explore the main influencing factors of anxiety and depression in unmarried and childless young women after breast cancer surgery, and to provide a theoretical basis for formulating nursing intervention measures.Methods: The purpose sampling method was used. A total of 135 unmarried and childless young women who underwent breast cancer surgery in 3 tertiary hospitals in Tianjin were selected as the research object. The self-designed general information questionnaire, simplified coping style questionnaire(SCSQ), social support rating scale(SSRS) and hospital anxiety and depression scale(HAD) were used to analyze the main influencing factors of the selected people.Results:The incidence of anxiety and depression was 45.2%.The score of positive coping was（2.11±0.42）, and the score of negative coping was （1.58±0.53）.Total score of social support was（37.53±8.21）. Logistic regression analysis showed that family per capita monthly income status, occupation, surgical method, social support and positive coping style were the influencing factors for anxiety and depression in unmarried and childless young women with breast cancer surgery.Conclusion: Nursing staff should strengthen the nursing intervention to the patients with low family income, no occupation, multiple chemotherapy, low social support and negative coping, and encourage to adopt positive coping methods, provide them with all-round and whole-process individual social support, and reduce the incidence of anxiety and depression.