Validation of Autoantibody Assays in Type 1 Diabetes: Workshop Programme |
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Authors: | Polly J Bingley Alistair JK Williams |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Clinical Science at North Bristol, University of Bristol, UKpolly.bingley@bristol.ac.uk;3. Department of Clinical Science at North Bristol, University of Bristol, UK |
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Abstract: | Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) was firstly described in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but it was recognized also as a primary APS (PAPS) form. These forms are not always distinguishable, since they show some common clinical/serological manifestations. We actually may deal with: (1) patients initially classified as PAPS gradually developing SLE; (2) patients with SLE and associated APS, whose complications generally affect morbidity and mortality; (3) patients with SLE and positive antiphospholipid antibodies without APS manifestations; the relevant issue in such patients is to provide effective prophylaxis. The close relationship between PAPS and SLE is also supported by: (i) nuclear autoimmunity and (ii) complement activation at least in animal models of APS. Future studies on the genetic background and/or on regulatory suppressive mechanisms may clarify how and why PAPS can evolve into SLE. |
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Keywords: | APL SLE thrombosis primary prophylaxis ANA |
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