早产儿凝血功能的探讨

目的探讨早产儿凝血功能与足月新生儿凝血功能的关系。方法对该院儿科149名早产儿凝血功能状态进行回顾性分析,检测凝血酶原时间(PT)、部分活化凝血活酶时间(APTT)、凝血酶时间(TT)、纤维蛋白原(FIB)含量、血小板计数(PLT)及头颅CT,分析早产儿凝血功能的特点及发生颅内出血的概率,以及胎龄与颅内出血的相关性。结果早产儿均不同程度存在凝血功能低下情况,与足月儿比较差异有统计学意义,根据胎龄大小分组分析进行统计检验,发现胎龄越低凝血功能低下程度越严重,发生颅内出血比例越高,早产儿中发生颅内出血67例,占早产儿总数的45.0%,胎龄与早产儿颅内出血呈显著负相关(r=-0.362,P0.01)。结论早产儿的凝血功能比足月新生儿的低,凝血功能低下是早产儿常见并发症,是发生颅内出血的重要原因之一,胎龄越低凝血功能低下越严重,颅内出血发生率越高。

Study of blood coagulation in premature infants

Objective To study the relationship between premature infants and full term infants with blood coagulation.Methods We took a retrospective analysis for the coagulation state of the 123 hospitalized premature infants.By the detections of prothrombin time（PT）,part-time activation thromboplastin（APTT）,thromboplastin time（TT）,fibrinogen（FIB） content,platelet count（PLT） and head CT,to study the relationship between probability of occurrence of intracranial hemorrhage and gestational age.Results Compared with full-term infants,the premature infants had varying degrees of lower blood coagulation showing a significant difference.An inspection,based on the gestational age group,found that the lower the gestational age was,the lower the level of blood coagulation would be and the higher the occurrence rate of intracranial hemorrhage was.There were 67 cases of intracranial hemorrhage in premature infants,taking as high as 45.0% of the total number of premature infants.There was a negative correlation between gestational age and intracranial hemorrhage in premature infants（r=-0.362,P0.01）.Conclusion Lower blood coagulation is common complication in premature infants,which is one of important reasons for the occurrence of infant intracranial hemorrhage.The lower the gestational age of the infant is,the lower the blood coagulation function is and the higher the rate of intracranial hemorrhage is.