嗅觉事件相关电位及磁共振成像对嗅觉功能的评估

目的:探讨嗅觉事件相关电位(OERP)和磁共振成像(MRI)对嗅觉功能的评估价值.方法:11例嗅觉正常的受试者(NL组),33例嗅觉障碍患者,包括:慢性鼻窦炎伴息肉(NP组)11例；颅脑外伤(PT组)11例和上呼吸道感染后(PI组)11例.所有受试者均行耳鼻喉科一般检查、鼻内镜检查、T&T嗅觉计定量检查、OERP测试及MRI测量嗅球体积等检查.结果:(1)T&T嗅觉检查:NL组分数低于其他3组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).NP、PT、PI3组间差异无统计学意义(均P＞ 0.05).(2)OERP测试:NL组11例、NP组3例、PT组3例、PI组4例可以测出波形,失嗅者无法测出波形.NL组的各波波幅高于其他3组,潜伏期短于其他3组.(3)MRI嗅球体积成像:NL组嗅球体积明显大于其他3组,PT组嗅球体积明显小于NP、PI组,差异有显著统计学意义(P＜0.01).NP、PI组差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论:OERP能对嗅觉进行定性、定量分析.MRI通过嗅球体积的变化,可对嗅觉进行定量评估.

Olfactory Function Assessed with Olfactory Event Related Potential and Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Objective: To assess values of olfactory function using olfactory event related potential(OERP) and magnet ic resonance imaging(MRI).Methods: There were four groups in this study including 11 healthy individuals with normal ol factory function(NL),11 patients with nasal polyposis(NP),11 with posttraumatic olfactory loss(PT) and 11 with postinfec tious olfactory loss(PI).Physical examinations,nasal endoscopy,T&T olfactory testing,olfactory event related potentials and magnetic resonance imaging were performed in all patients.Results: T&T olfactory testing revealed that there were signifi cantly lower scores in NL group than those of other 3 groups(P < 0.01),and there were no significant differences between NP,PT and PI groups(P> 0.05).Results of OERP testing showed that waves were recorded in the 11 NL subjects,3 NP,3 PT and 4 PI patients.The wave amplitudes were higher,but the latencies were shorter,in NL group compared with those of other three groups.The olfactory bulb(OB) volumes were significantly larger in NL group compared with those of other three groups.The OB volume was significantly smaller in PT group than that of NP and PI groups(P < 0.01),no significant differ ence between NP and PI groups(P> 0.05).Conclusion: Olfactory function can be analyzed by OERP qualitatively and quan titatively.Olfactory function can be quantitatively evaluated by detecting bulb volume using MRI.