铝对神经行为功能和单胺类神经递质代谢的影响

目的评价职业性铝接触对神经行为功能和单胺类神经递质代谢的影响。方法对３３名铝作业工人和４０名对照工人进行研究。作业环境空气铝的测定用原子吸收仪，尿中高香草酸和香草扁桃酸及血清和尿铝的测定用高效液相色谱仪，神经行为功能测试采用ＷＨＯ推荐的神经行为核心测试组合。结果作业环境铝的时间加权几何平均浓度为０．９５ｍｇ／ｍ３（０．３１～４．１２ｍｇ／ｍ３），铝作业工人尿铝平均水平显著高于对照工人（分别为１２．２５μｇ／Ｌ和５．７８μｇ／Ｌ），但血清铝水平与对照工人差异未见显著性；铝作业工人尿中的高香草酸和香草扁桃酸水平均较高，且香草扁桃酸水平显著高于对照工人；神经行为功能测试发现，接触工人的手提转捷度、数字译码和视觉保留测试项目得分与对照工人比较差异有显著性。结论提示职业性低浓度接触铝可影响神经行为功能和单胺类神经递质代谢。

Effects of Aluminum on Neurobehavioral Function and Metabolism of Monoamine Neurotransmitter

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of occupational exposure to aluminum on neurobahavioral function and metabolism of monoamine neurotransmitter. METHODS: Thirty-three workers exposed to aluminum and 40 controls were studied. Air aluminum concentrations in workplace environment were detected with an atomic absorption spectrophotometer, homovanillic acid (HVA) and vanilylmandellic acid (VMA) in urine and aluminum in serum and urine were detected with high perfolmance liquid chromatography. Neurobehavioral function was tested with Neurobehavioral Core Test Battery recommended by WHO. RESULTS: Geometric time-weighted average of aluminum in workplace environment was 0.95 mg/m3, ranging from 0.31 to 4.12 mg/m3, and urine aluminum levels in workers exposed to aluminum averaged 12.25 micrograms/L, significantly higher than that in controls (5.78 micrograms/L). There was no significant difference in serum aluminum between the exposed and controls. Both urine VMA and HVA levels were higher in the workers exposed to aluminum, and urine VMA level in the exposed was significantly higher than that in controls. There was significant difference in neurobehavioral test, including Santa Ana, digit symbol and Benton tests between the exposed and control workers. CONCLUSION: It suggests that occupational exposure to low level of aluminum can affect the neurobehavioral function and metabolism of monoamine neurotransmitter.