Endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer. Presentation of a case report and review of the literature

Endometriosis is a frequent benign disease presenting in more than 10% of women in reproductive age. Although its course is usually benign, it has characteristics of malignant disease, such as progressive course, implantation at distant sites, creation of a microenvironment that renders its course independent and mobilization of the immune system in order to prevent its destruction. Endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer (EAOC) is encountered in 0.3-1.0% of cases of endometriosis. We present in the current article a case of EAOC, reviewing the literature for epidemiological data and data of genetics, and other possible associated factors that lead to the pathogenesis of the disease.