冠状动脉介入诊疗中非离子型对比剂对肾功能的影响和氯沙坦的保护价值

目的评价采用非离子低分子对比剂行冠脉造影和介入治疗对于肾功能的影响,并比较单纯冠脉造影和冠脉介入治疗手术前后肾功能的差异;评价氯沙坦对于冠脉介入治疗前后肾功能(血肌酐)和尿微量白蛋白的影响。方法根据冠状动脉造影的结果将我院收治的171例患者分3组,第1组为造影阴性组(CAG,73例),第2组为常规介入治疗组(PCI,52例),第3组为介入治疗 氯沙坦组(46例);研究对比剂对3组肾脏功能和尿微量白蛋白的影响。在检查前及术后的第1、3、7天分别测试尿微量白蛋白和肾功能(血肌酐),然后比较对比剂碘佛醇应用前后各组的差异。结果各组血肌酐均无明显变化,而PCI组尿微量白蛋白比CAG组的患者高(P<0.05);在氯沙坦干预后,PCI后尿微量白蛋白有明显下降(P<0.05)。结论CAG和PCI时,非离子低分子对比剂对肾功能(血肌酐)无明显影响,而尿微量白蛋白在术后有不同程度的升高,在PCI组中更明显;氯沙坦能降低PCI术后的尿微量白蛋白,可能具有预防对比剂肾病的作用。

Protective effects of losartan in renal dysfunction during coronary angiography and intervention caused by low osmolar non-ionic contrast media

Objective To observe the changes of renal function during simple coronary angiography(CAG)and percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)caused by low osmolar non-ionic contrast media and to evaluate the preventive effect of losartan on renal function(serum creatinine)in PCI. Methods All 171 cases were divided into 3 groups, CAG negative group(N = 73), PCI group(N = 52)and treatment group (PCI Losartan, N = 46)according to the results given by coronary arteriography. The investigation was performed on the influences produced by the low osmolar non-ionic contrast medium(Ioversol)on renal function and minimal albumin proteinuria in the 3 groups. The minimal albumin proteinuria and renal function (serum creatinine)were tested before and 1 d, 3 d, 7 d after the procedure and followed by the comparison and evaluation of the outcoming data. Results There were no significant changes of serum creatinine among 3 groups, but amount of minimal albumin proteinuria was increased in PCI group(P < 0.05), and decreased obviously after Losartan medication(P < 0.05). Conclusion Low ormolar non-ionic contrast media produce no significant influence on renal function(serum creatinine)during CAG and/or PCI but with different degrees of increase for minimal albumin proteinuria, especially in PCI group. Losartan can decrease minimal albumin proteinuria after PCI procedure, possibly providing the prevention for contrast medium induced nephropathy.