放射治疗联合免疫疗法治疗恶性肿瘤的相关机制与研究进展

放射治疗能通过诱导 DNA 损伤杀伤照射野内的肿瘤细胞，也能激活机体免疫系统。放疗可促进肿瘤相关抗原释放、激活树突状细胞并促进肿瘤相关抗原的呈递、增加肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞，刺激免疫系统阻止肿瘤的复发和（或）转移。一些研究已证实放疗与免疫治疗联合可发挥协同抗肿瘤效应。本文就放疗与免疫治疗联合应用抗肿瘤的相关机制及最新研究进展做一综述。

Mechanisms and progress of radiotherapy plus immunotherapy treating malignant tumors

Radiation therapy can directly kill tumour cells within the target volume by causing irreparable DNA dam-age,but also can stimulate the immune system. Radiation therapy enhances antigen presentation,activates dendritic cells and enhances cross - presentation of tumour - associated antigens and increases the density of tumour - infiltra-ting lymphocytes to enabling prevention of tumor recurrence and(or)transfer by the immune system. Several studies have investigated the synergistic effects on tumour control when radiotherapy is combined with immunotherapy. This article summarizes mechanisms and latest progress in joint application of radiotherapy and immunotherapy.