Protection in sheep against heterologous challenge with serotype Asia-1 foot-and-mouth disease virus using high potency vaccine |
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| Affiliation: | 1. CSIRO-Australian Animal Health Laboratory, 5 Portarlington Rd, Geelong, Australia;2. Canadian Food Inspection Agency, National Centre for Foreign Animal Diseases, 1015 Arlington St, Winnipeg, Canada;3. Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Department of Bacteriology and Epidemiology, Houtribweg 39, 8221RA Lelystad, The Netherlands;1. Center for Animal Diseases Modeling and Surveillance, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA;2. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina;3. INTA, Instituto de Virología, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina;1. The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Surrey GU24 0NF, United Kingdom;2. Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna (IZSLER), Via Bianchi, 9, 25024 Brescia, Italy;3. Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Laboratory Vesicular Diseases, Department of Virology, Houtribweg 39, 8221RA Lelystad, The Netherlands;1. Servicio Nacional de Sanidad y Calidad Agroalimentaria (SENASA), Talcahuano 1660, CP 1640 Martínez, Argentina;2. Centro de Virología Animal, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Dr. César Milstein, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Saladillo 2468, 1440 Buenos Aires, Argentina;3. Biogénesis Bagó S.A., Ruta Panamericana km 38. 5, 1619 Garín, Argentina;4. Animal and Plant Quarentine Agency (APQA), 175 Anyang-ro, Manangu, Anyang 14089, Republic of Korea;1. Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 175 Anyang-ro, Manangu, Anyang city 430-757, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea;2. Clinical Research Center of the Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, No. 57 South Renmin Avenue, Zhanjiang 524001, China;1. National Centre for Foreign Animal Disease, 1015 Arlington Street, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 3M4, Canada;2. State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No 1, Xujiaping, Lanzhou, Gansu 730046, PR China;1. Transboundary Animal Diseases Programme, Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, Agricultural Research Council, Private Bag X05, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa;2. Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agricultural and Natural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;3. Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa;4. Makerere University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, PO Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda |
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| Abstract: | Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) serotype Asia-1 is prevalent in countries considered high risk for incursion into Australia, and has recently been responsible for a number of outbreaks in India, Bangladesh, Pakistan and Turkey. In vitro vaccine matching has shown a number of contemporary FMDV Asia-1 strains vary antigenically to the Asia-1 Shamir vaccine strain, which could result in poor protection with use of this vaccine. Therefore it was important to test the ability of the Asia-1 Shamir vaccine to protect sheep from challenge with a recent, heterologous strain at different days post-vaccination (dpv), including in an emergency vaccination scenario (challenge 4 or 7 dpv). Sheep (5 per group) were challenged with the Asia-1/PAK/19/2014 isolate by intra-nasopharyngeal instillation 21 (V21), 7 (V7) or 4 (V4) dpv with high-potency (>6 PD50) Asia-1 Shamir vaccine. An additional five sheep were mock-vaccinated with adjuvant only (antigen-free preparation) 4 days prior to challenge (A4), and five unvaccinated (UV) control sheep were also challenged. All V21, V7 and V4 sheep were protected from clinical FMD. Eighty percent of V21 sheep and 40% of V7 sheep had sterile immunity, however all V4 sheep became systemically infected. Vaccination reduced excretion of virus in nasal and oral secretions but had no effect on the development of persistent infection. All A4 sheep and UV control sheep developed clinical FMD. The high-potency Asia-1 Shamir vaccine will protect against disease should an outbreak of contemporary Asia-1 viruses occur. Intranasopharyngeal instillation is an effective challenge method for use in vaccine efficacy studies in sheep. |
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| Keywords: | Foot-and-mouth disease virus Vaccine efficacy Heterologous challenge Sheep |
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