Therapeutic human papillomavirus vaccines in head and neck cancer: A systematic review of current clinical trials |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University Hospital “Luigi Sacco”, Università di Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy;2. Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, 23842 Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy;3. Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Institute of Neuroscience, University Hospital “Luigi Sacco”, Università di Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy;1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan;2. GENOLAC BL Corp., 503, 1-9-26-401 Minamisenba, Chuo-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka 542-0081, Japan;1. Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA;2. Becker Medical Library, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA;3. Master of Population Health Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA;4. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA;5. Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Florida Hospital Celebration Health, Celebration, FL, USA;6. Department of Surgery, University of Auckland Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Auckland, New Zealand;1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchi-kamimachi, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan;2. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan;3. Department of Applied Biology and Chemistry, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan |
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| Abstract: | ObjectivesThis systematic review provides an overview of the current clinical trials investigating therapeutic vaccines for HPV+ head and neck cancer and discusses the future directions of therapeutic vaccine therapy.Materials and methodsA systematic search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane and clinicaltrials.gov for clinical trials involving therapeutic vaccines. We included studies initiated between 2000 and 2018 with patients diagnosed with HPV+ head and neck cancer and extracted data concerning type of vaccine therapy, adverse events, immunogenicity and clinical outcome measures (e.g. tumour response, progression-free survival and overall survival).ResultsWe identified 11 studies (n = 376 patients) initiated between year 2005 and 2017. Four studies (n = 34) presented preliminary results in patients with incurable, recurrent loco-regional or distant metastatic disease indicating a positive immune response with 74% (n = 25/34 patients) having elevated antibody levels, IFN-γ and/or T-cell response. Five studies presented data on the vaccines’ safety profile, demonstrating predominantly grade 1 and 2 toxicity. Three studies evaluated the clinical outcome – one study showed no complete or partial response, one study demonstrated stable disease as the best tumour response in 64% (n = 9/14 patients) and one study showed a 33% overall response rate: one patient with a complete response and seven patients with a partial response.ConclusionsTreatment with therapeutic vaccines is a promising and seemingly safe strategy for patients with HPV+ head and neck cancer. However, there are not enough data to draw any further conclusions and clinical outcome measures and tumour responses to the vaccines are still missing. |
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| Keywords: | Oropharyngeal cancer Human papillomavirus Vaccine |
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