Evaluation of inactivated vaccines against equine group A rotaviruses by use of a suckling mouse model |
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| Institution: | 1. Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, 1400-4 Shiba, Shimotsuke, Tochigi 329-0412, Japan;2. Department of Applied Life Science, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, Gifu 501-1193, Japan;1. Brown University Alpert School of Medicine, USA;2. Rhode Island Department of Health, USA;3. Rhode Island Department of Corrections, USA;1. Laboratory of Neurobiology, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain;2. Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy;1. College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;2. College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhe Jiang A&F University, Hangzhou 31130, China;1. Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA;2. Division of Vaccine-Preventable Disease Control and National Immunization Program, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Osong, Republic of Korea;3. Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea;4. JW Lee Center for Global Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea;1. Department of Analytical Research and Development, Sanofi Pasteur, Toronto, ON, Canada;2. Sanofi Pasteur, Swiftwater, PA, United States |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundEquine group A rotaviruses (RVAs) cause diarrhea in suckling foals. The dominant RVAs circulating among horses worldwide, including Japan, are G3P12] and/or G14P12] genotypes. Inactivated vaccines containing a G3P12] RVA are commercially available in some countries for prevention of diarrhea caused by equine RVAs. However, there is no reported evidence whether vaccines containing a G3P12] RVA are effective against G14P12] RVAs or whether using a G14P12] RVA results in a more effective vaccine. This study used a suckling mouse model to evaluate the effectiveness of inactivated vaccines containing G3P12] (G3 vaccine) or G14P12] (G14 vaccine) RVAs against G3P12] and G14P12] RVAs.MethodsFemale mice were inoculated twice with G3 or G14 vaccines, and were then mated. After parturition, suckling mice were challenged with one of either two G3P12] RVAs, two G14P12] RVAs, or one G13P18] RVA. After virus inoculation, suckling mice were observed for diarrhea, and the incidence rates of diarrhea in the vaccinated groups were compared with those in the non-vaccinated groups.ResultsFollowing G3P12] RVA challenge, suckling mice in the G3 and G14 vaccinated groups had significantly lower rates of diarrhea incidence than did those in the non-vaccinated group, and the rates in the G3 vaccinated group tended to be lower than in the G14 vaccinated group. Following G14P12] RVA challenge, suckling mice in the G14 vaccinated group had significantly lower rates of diarrhea incidence than did those in the non-vaccinated and G3 vaccinated groups. The G3 and G14 vaccines did not reduce the rate when challenged with the G13P18] RVA.ConclusionThe mouse model showed that the G3 and G14 vaccines were both effective against G3P12] RVAs, and that the G14 vaccine was effective against G14P12] RVAs. These results suggest that at least a G14 RVA strain should be included in as a vaccine strain. |
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| Keywords: | Equine Rotavirus G3P[12] G14P[12] Inactivated vaccine Suckling mouse model |
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