Associations between intimate partner violence,violence-related policies,and HIV diagnosis rate among women in the United States |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT;2. Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine and Director of the Disparities Core of the UCSD Center for AIDS Research, La Jolla, CA;3. Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT;4. Social and Behavioral Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, and Director of T32 Training, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on AIDS, New Haven, CT;1. Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention (DHAP), National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention (NCHHSTP), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA;2. NCHHSTP, CDC, Atlanta, GA;3. Division of STD Prevention (DSTDP), NCHHSTP, CDC, Atlanta, GA;1. Section of Infectious Diseases, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan;2. School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan;3. Center for Infectious Disease and Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan;4. Department of Health Care Management, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan;5. Department and Institute of Public Health, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan;6. Taipei Association of Health and Welfare Data Science, Taipei, Taiwan;7. Department of Urology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan;8. Department of Cosmetic Applications and Management, Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei, Taiwan;9. Department of Health Risk Management, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan;10. Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan;11. Department of Microbiology and Institute of Medical Research, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan;1. Division of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health & Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa;2. Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology & Research, School of Public Health & Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa;3. Institute for Developmental Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK;4. School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa;5. Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa;1. Department of Epidemiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA;2. Swiss Federal Office of Public Health, Bern, Switzerland;3. Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia;4. Institut Scientifique de Santé Publique, Brussels, Belgium;5. Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada;6. Centre d’Estudis Epidemiològics sobre les ITS i Sida de Catalunya (CEEISCAT), Dept Salut, Generalitat de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain;7. CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain;8. Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark;9. The French Public Health Agency, Saint-Maurice, France;10. Robert Koch Institute, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Berlin, Germany;11. National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands;12. Stichting HIV Monitoring, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;13. Directorate-General of Health, Lisbon, Portugal;14. National Institute of Health, Lisbon, Portugal;15. Public Health Agency of Sweden, Stockholm, Sweden;p. Public Health England, London, England;q. US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA |
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| Abstract: | PurposeTo assess the association between state-level intimate partner violence (IPV) prevalence and HIV diagnosis rates among women in the United States and investigate the modifying effect of state IPV health care policies.MethodsData on HIV diagnosis rates were collected from HIV surveillance data from 2010 to 2015, and IPV prevalence data were collected from the National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey from 2010 to 2012. States were coded for IPV health care policies on training, screening, reporting, and insurance discrimination.ResultsStates with higher IPV prevalence was associated with higher HIV diagnoses among women (B = 0.02; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.003, 0.04; P = .02). State policies were a significant effect modifier (B = −0.05; 95% CI = −0.07, −0.02; P < .001). Simple slopes revealed that the association between IPV and HIV diagnosis rates was stronger in states with low IPV protective health care policies (B = 0.09; CI = 0.06, 0.13; P < .001) and moderate IPV protective policies (B = 0.05; 95% CI = 0.02, 0.07, P < .001), but not in states with high IPV protective policies (B = −0.009; 95% CI = −0.04, 0.02; P = .59).ConclusionsHIV prevention programs should target IPV and link to community resources. IPV-related policies in the health care system may protect the sexual health of women experiencing IPV. |
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| Keywords: | Intimate partner violence HIV diagnosis Policy Women United States |
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