泌尿系统手术后尿路感染危险因素分析

目的调查泌尿系统手术后尿路感染发生率、病原茵分布及其耐药性和术后尿路感染的危险因素，为防治术后尿路感染提供依据。方法回顾性分析2006年9月至2011年3月行泌尿系统手术的病历资料，并对术后尿路感染者的性别、年龄、术后导管留置等相关因素进行分析。结果手术后尿路感染发生率为6．42％。革兰阴性菌占手术后尿路感染病原茵的72．82％，且病原茵对常用抗菌素均有不同程度的耐药性。术后尿路感染与患者年龄、手术时间、术前尿路感染、糖尿病、导管留置时间呈显著相关（P〈0．05）。结论加强抗茵药物使用管理工作，规范手术操作，遵照药敏试验结果合理使用抗茵药物，积极去除各种危险因素，能有效地防治手术后尿路感染。

Risk factors of urinary tract infection following urological surgeries

Objective To investigate the risk factors of urinary tract infection following urological surgeries. Methods The clinical data of 7 836 patients aged 8-95 with a average of 53.4 ± 10.8, including 6 218 males and 1 618 females, who underwent urological surgeries from September 2006 to March 2011 in our department were retrospectively analyzed. The incidence rate of urinary tract infection, distribution pathogens and their drug resistance were investigated, the correlation of postoperative urinary infection with gender, age, preoperative urinary tract infection, postoperative catheter retention were analyzed. Results The incidence rate of postoperative urinary system infection was 6.42 % （503/7 836）. Among all pathogens, Gram-negative bacilli accounted for 72.82 %. The majority of pathogens were resistance on common antibacterial drugs in various degrees. There were positive correlations between postoperative urinary system infection with age, operation time, preoperative urinary system infection, diabetes and duration of postoperative catheter retention （P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion To attenuate the above risk factors, urinary system infection following urological surgeries can be effectively prevented or reduced.