A Case of Bronchial Fibroma Associated with Subsegmental Atelectasis

A case of polypoid endobronchial fibroma which led to subsegmentalatelectasis in a 45-year-old male is reported. The diagnosiswas made pre-operatively by roentgenographic examination, bronchoscopyand biopsy. A lobectomy of the right middle lobe was performed.The polypoid tumor occupied the lumen of the subsegmental bronchusof the right middle lobe and had a stalk. Histologically, thetumor was composed mostly of collagen bundles with scant spindle-shapedfibroblastic cells and a myxomatous component. There was neithercellular atypia nor mitotic figures nor infiltration of smallround cells. The diagnosis was pulmonary fibroma of the endobronchialtype. To date, 66 cases of pulmonary fibroma have been reportedin the English literature since 1880; 21 of these were polypoidendobronchial fibroma. Only five cases of polypoid endobronchialfibroma including this case have been reported in the Japaneseliterature.