颈部异位甲状腺临床分析

目的探讨颈部异位甲状腺的诊治方法,提高对颈部异位甲状腺的认识,避免误诊、误治。方法收集我院1999～2007年10例颈部异位甲状腺住院患者的临床资料,其中5例表现为舌根包块(迷走甲状腺),3例为甲状舌管囊肿(2例副甲状腺,1例迷走甲状腺),1例会厌巨大囊肿(迷走甲状腺),1例为咽旁肿块(副甲状腺)。10例患者7例经颈部彩超检查初步诊断为异位甲状腺,其中4例未探及正常的甲状腺(迷走甲状腺),3例探及正常的甲状腺(副甲状腺);3例行核素扫描初步诊断为异位甲状腺,提示核素在包块处显影,正常甲状腺部位不显影(迷走甲状腺)。结果10例患者均行手术治疗,5例全切(3例为副甲状腺,1例癌变的迷走甲状腺,1例误诊为会厌巨大囊肿的迷走甲状腺),4例次全切(迷走甲状腺),1例在行甲状舌管囊肿手术中冰冻切片证实为迷走甲状腺未作切除。随访6～12个月,除1例甲状腺癌患者和1例全切患者需终生服甲状腺素外均恢复正常,无复发。结论对颈部肿块仔细的术前检查,包括超声、CT和~(131)I扫描以及细针穿刺活检对异位甲状腺确诊至关重要,正确处理异位甲状腺,避免给患者造成严重后果。

Clinical analysis of ectopic thyroid gland of the neck

OBJECTIVE To explore the clinic diagnosis and treatment of ectopic thyroid gland (ETG) of the neck.METHODS The clinical data of 10 cases with ETG who were misdiagnosis in out-patient clinic from 1999 to 2007 were analyzed,including 5 lumps of tongue base,3 thyroglossal duct cysts,1 epiglottic cyst,and 1 tumor in parapharyngeal space.RESULTS Four cases were not found normal thyroid gland at neck through preoperative ultrasonograph,3 cases were shown normal thyroid gland with ultrasonograph. Three cases have visulization in cervical part,but nonvisulization in normal thyroid gland position through radioactive isotope scanning.CONCLUSION The well understanding of ETG and the detailed preoperative examination of neck mass including ultrasonograph,CT,radioactive isotope scanning and fine needle aspiration biopsy,are keys to diagnosis and management of ETG.