子宫切除术后舒芬太尼病人自控-靶控镇痛的安全性和有效性

目的 评价子宫切除术后舒芬太尼病人自控.靶控镇痛(PCA-TCI)的安全性和有效性.方法 择期经腹子宫切除术病人60例,ASA I或Ⅱ级,年龄20-59岁,体重45-75 kg术毕采用视觉模拟评分法(VAS评分)评价疼痛程度,随机分为3组(n=20),I组VAS评分=0时进行PCA-TCI,初始血浆靶浓度为0.08 μg/L;Ⅱ组VAS评分≥2分时进行PCA-TCI,初始血浆靶浓度为0.08μg/L;Ⅲ组VAS评分≥2分时进行PCA-TCI,初始血浆靶浓度为0.1 μg/L;PCA锁定时间为6 min.于PCA-TCI启动前即刻(T0)和启动后1 h(T1)、2 h(T2)、4 h(T3)、8 h(T4)、16 h(T5)和24 h(T6)时,记录平均动脉压(MAP)、心率(HR)、脉搏血氧饱和度(SpO2)、呼吸频率(RR)、VAS评分和脑电双频谱指数(BIS).于T1～6时记录总按压次数(D1)和有效按压次数(D2).记录术后24 h内舒芬太尼用量和不良反应发生情况.结果 各组各时点HR、MAP、RR和SpO2均在正常范围内,BIS均大于85,组内和组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).与T0时比较,I组T1～6时VAS评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组T1～6时VAS评分降低(P<0.05).与l组比较,Ⅱ组T0～2时和Ⅲ组T0.1时VAS评分升高,Ⅱ组术后0～2 h时和Ⅲ组术后0～1 h时D1和D2升高,Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组术后24 h内舒芬太尼用量升高(P<0.05).各组病人术后均未见心动过速、心动过缓、低血压、呼吸抑制和镇静过度等的发生.结论 子宫切除术后舒芬太尼PCA-TCI是安全、有效的,在术后疼痛尚未出现时进行PCA-TCI,且初始血浆靶浓度为0.08μg/L的镇痛效果更好.

Efficacy and safety of patient-controlled analgesia with target controlled sufentanil infusion after abdominal total hysterectomy

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) with target controlled infusion (TCI) of sufentanil after abdominal total hysterectomy. Methods Sixty ASA I or II patients aged 20-59 yr weighing 45-75 kg undergoing elective abdominal total hysterectomy were randomly allocated into 3 groups of 20 patients each. The initial target plasma concentration (CP ) of sufentanil was set at 0.08 μg/L in group I and II and at 0.1 μg/L in group Ⅲ . The operation was performed under combined spinal-epidural anesthesia with 0.75% bupivacaine (for spinal) and 2% lidocaine (for epidural). The epidural catheter was removed after operation. TCI of sufentanil was started after operation when the patients felt no pain (VAS = 0) in group I and when VAS ≥ 2 in group Ⅱ and Ⅲ . The lockout interval was set at 6 min. If the patients pressed the button once, the target CP increased by 0.005 μg/L. If the button was pressed 3 times successively within 20 s, the target CP increased by 0.008 μg/L. If the button was not pressed for 80 min, the target CP decreased by 0 .005 μg/L automatically. VAS scores, BIS values, MAP, HR, SpO2 and RR were recorded immediately before (T0) and at 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 24 h (T1-6) after TCI was started. The number of attempts (D1) and successfully delivered doses (D2) was recorded. The total amount of sufentanil administered and side effects were recorded during the 24 h after operation. Results The analgesia was satisfactory in all 3 groups. The VAS scores were < 3 and significantly higher in group Ⅱ and Ⅲ than in group I . The total amount of sufentanil administered during the 24 h after operation was significantly larger in group II and HI than in group I . The D1 and D2 were significantly larger during the 0-2 h after operation in group Ⅱ and Ⅲ than in group I .Tachycardia, bradycardia, respiratory depression, hypotension and over-sedation were not observed. Conclusion PCA with TCI of sufentanil is effective and safe for postoperative analgesia. It is better to start PCA-TCI before the patient feels pain after operation with the initial target CP set at 0.08 μg/L.