肺动脉血栓栓塞症患者住院构成比与病死率的变迁

目的了解肺动脉血栓栓塞症(PTE)患者住院构成比与病死率的变迁,为PTE的防治提供参考依据。方法回顾性分析1974年至2002年阜外心血管病医院收治的442例PTE住院患者资料。结果PTE住院患者年住院例数及住院构成比分别从1970年代初每年低于5例和平均每年0.1152%的构成比,到21世纪初每年48～79例和平均0.5866%的住院构成比,呈逐渐升高的趋势。冬季是PTE发病高峰,发病数显著高于其他季节(P<0.05)。发病年龄大多数处于30～60岁,男性发病高峰在30～60岁,女性为40～60岁,男性较女性提前10年进入发病高峰。PTE住院患者的病死率有明显下降的趋势:从1970年代的20%降到21世纪初的5.8%。1990年之前PTE患者住院病死率为12.5%,1990年之后患者住院病死率为4.5%,差别有统计学意义(P=0.005)。PTE男性患者住院病死率为4.6%,女性为8.6%,二者比较差别无统计学意义(P=0.09)。住院病死率在年龄<70岁的PTE患者为5.5%,≥70岁的患者为19.0%,住院病死率差别有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论PTE是一重要的常见病,应该得到足够的重视。

Vicissitudes of proportion and mortality of patients with pulmonary thromboembolism

Objective To investigate the vicissitudes of the proportion and the mortality of patients with pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE).Methods To analyze respectively the data of 442 patients with PTE admitted to the Fuwai Hospital during the period 1974~2002 were andlyred retrospectively. Results The numbers of PTE in-patients every year during the 1970s and 48-79 cases in the early 2000s. The hospitalization constituent ratio of PTE was 0.1152% in 1970s and was 0.5866% in early 2000s. The age of onset ranged from 30 to 60. The tide age was from 30 to 60 in the male patients and from 40 to 60 in the female patients. The in-hospital mortality of PTE patients was descending from 20.0% in 1970s to 5.8% in early 2000s.The in-hospital mortality was 12.5% before 1990 and was 4.5% after 1990 (P=0. 005). The in-hospital mortality rates of the male and female patients were 4.6% and 8.6% respectively(P=0.09). The in-hospital mortality rates of the patients younger than 70 and elder than 70 were 5.5% and 19.0% respectively (P<0.05). Conclusion PTE The mortality of PTE, which attacks males more frequently than females, and the proportions of the number of PTE in-patients to the number of the whole in-patients increased and the in-hospital mortality increased during the past 3 decades.